Clinical and Translational Research
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2024; 12(21): 4661-4672
Published online Jul 26, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4661
Table 1 Characteristics of study participants with or without depression among heart failure patients, n (%)/mean ± SD/ median (25th-75th percentiles)
Variables
Total
Nondepression
Depression
P value
n1084860224
Age (years)69.00 (60.00-78.00)70.00 (61.00-78.00)64.00 (55.25-73.00)< 0.001
Gender< 0.001
Female469 (43.27)352 (41.93)117 (52.23)
Male615 (56.73)508 (59.07)107 (47.77)
PIR1.55 (1.00-2.69)1.63 (1.06-2.94)1.23 (0.78-2.05)< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)30.60 (26.45-36.40)30.40 (26.41-35.80)32.15 (26.67-37.94)0.070
Waist circumference (cm)108.93 ± 17.23108.58 ± 17.13110.31 ± 17.600.180
Race/ethnicity0.104
Mexican American94 (8.67)69 (8.02)25 (11.16)
Non-Hispanic Black298 (27.49)241 (28.02)57 (25.45)
Non-Hispanic White557 (51.38)451 (52.44)106 (47.32)
Other Hispanic76 (7.01)53 (6.16)23 (10.27)
Other Race59 (5.44)46 (5.35)13 (5.80)
Marital status0.002
Married501 (46.22)416 (48.37)85 (37.95)
Separated/widowed/divorced449 (41.42)350 (40.70)99 (44.20)
Never married90 (8.30)59 (6.86)31 (13.84)
Living with partner44 (4.06)35 (4.07)9 (4.02)
Education attainment< 0.001
Below high school454 (41.88)334 (38.84)120 (53.57)
High school257 (23.71)212 (24.65)45 (20.09)
Above high school373 (34.41)314 (36.51)59 (26.34)
Current smoking status0.198
Smoking339 (31.27)261 (30.35)78 (34.82)
Nonsmoking745 (68.73)599 (69.65)146 (65.18)
Alcohol intake0.586
Mild726 (66.97)580 (67.44)146 (65.18)
Moderate238 (21.96)185 (21.51)53 (23.66)
Heavy120 (11.07)95 (13.95)25 (11.16)
Laboratory features
WBC count (1000 cells/μL)7.57 ± 2.667.50 ± 2.737.82 ± 2.340.119
RDW13.90 (13.10-14.98)13.90 (13.10-15.00)13.80 (13.10-14.80)0.528
TG (mmol/L)1.32 (0.93-1.87)1.30 (0.89-1.86)1.40 (1.01-1.95)0.052
TC (mmol/L)4.40 (3.65-5.20)4.29 (3.62-5.12)4.60 (3.88-4.60)0.002
LDL- C (mmol/L)2.41 (1.81-3.13)2.37 (1.78-3.10)2.60 (1.91-3.30)0.018
HDL- C (mmol/L)1.19 (1.01-1.49)1.19 (1.01-1.47)1.16 (0.99-1.53)0.740
L count (1000 cells/μL)1.97 ± 1.671.78 ± 0.061.12 ± 0.070.497
N count (1000 cells/μL)4.68 ± 1.821.78 ± 0.061.95 ± 0.130.154
PLT count (1000 cells/μL)222.32 ± 68.90220.68 ± 69.49228.62 ± 66.360.125
Hypertension0.854
No717 (66.14)570 (66.28)147 (65.63)
Yes367 (33.86)290 (33.72)77 (34.38)
Anemic0.109
No959 (88.47)754 (87.67)205 (91.52)
Yes125 (11.53)106 (12.33)19 (8.48)
Diabetes0.040
No579 (53.41)473 (55.00)106 (47.32)
Yes505 (46.59)387 (45.00)118 (52.68)
Coronary heart disease0.788
No628 (57.93)500 (58.14)128 (57.14)
Yes456 (42.073)360 (41.86)96 (42.86)
Table 2 Area under the curve values of the models in the test dataset
Model
AUC
95%CI
Sensitivity
Specificity
Cutoff value
Stacking0.770.71-0.840.710.680.20
LightGBM0.720.65-0.790.680.670.21
DT0.710.64-0.790.520.850.28
XGBoost0.700.63-0.780.620.660.21