Force analysis of mechanism and pattern of spinal trauma in sand dune vehicle crash: Five case reports

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v14.i14.119832

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May 16, 2026 (publication date) through Apr 27, 2026

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Cases. May 16, 2026; 14(14): 119832
Published online May 16, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i14.119832

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Figure 1 Case 1. A and B: Fracture of the base of dense of C2 with extension of fracture into the vertebral body and right lateral mass; C: Fracture of the lamina.

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Figure 2 Case 2. A: Jafferson fracture of Atlas; B and C: Bilateral facets joint fracture of C6/C7 with fracture extending to the posterior elements of C6, and the right foramina transversarium of C7; D and E: Grade 1 spondylolisthesis of C6 over C7; F: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for C6-C7 injury.

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Figure 3 Case 3. A and B: Jefferson fracture atlas vertebra; C: Hangman fracture of 2^nd cervical vertebra; D and E: Grade 1 spondylolisthesis of C2 over C3, fracture of the spinous process of 3^rd vertebra (D); F: Underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for C2-C3 spondylolisthesis.

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Figure 4 Fracture of 12^th thoracic (T12) vertebra.

Citation: Dar PMUD, Arumugam SK, Hakim S, Peralta R, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H. Force analysis of mechanism and pattern of spinal trauma in sand dune vehicle crash: Five case reports. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(14): 119832
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v14/i14/119832.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v14.i14.119832

Dar PMUD, Arumugam SK, Hakim S, Peralta R, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H. Force analysis of mechanism and pattern of spinal trauma in sand dune vehicle crash: Five case reports. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(14): 119832 [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i14.119832]

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