Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1188

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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World J Clin Cases. Apr 6, 2020; 8(7): 1188-1202
Published online Apr 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1188

Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review

Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Mario Trejo-Avila, Noel Salgado-Nesme

Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Mario Trejo-Avila, Noel Salgado-Nesme, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico 14080, Mexico

Author contributions: Vergara-Fernández O, Trejo-Avila M, and Salgado-Nesme N contributed to design this work, collect and interpret the data, study concept, critically revised the manuscript, and performed overall supervision; all authors contributed to the final approval of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors deny any conflict of interest related to this article. No financial support.

Corresponding author: Mario Trejo-Avila, MD, Surgeon, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Vasco de Quiroga, 15, Sección XVI, Mexico 14080, Mexico. mario.trejo.avila@gmail.com

Received: December 20, 2019
Peer-review started: December 20, 2019
First decision: February 18, 2020
Revised: March 6, 2020
Accepted: March 14, 2020
Article in press: March 14, 2020
Published online: April 6, 2020
Processing time: 107 Days and 9 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer ranges between 12%-60%. The diagnosis of sarcopenia is established by the presence of low muscle quantity or quality (muscle strength, muscle quantity and physical performance). Sarcopenia may negatively impact on the postoperative outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery. Sarcopenia may also negatively impact on overall survival, disease-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and cancer-specific survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, patients with sarcopenia seem prone to toxic effects during chemotherapy. A multimodal approach including nutritional support, exercise programs and anabolic-orexigenic agents, could contribute to muscle mass preservation.