Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Clin Cases. Jun 26, 2026; 14(18): 121564
Published online Jun 26, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.121564
Published online Jun 26, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.121564
Primary arteriovenous malformation of the eyelid mimicking a dermoid cyst: A case report
Bijnya Birajita Panda, Shreyas Gokhale, Priyadarshini Mishra, Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India
Madhusmita Sethy, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhu
Author contributions: Panda BB and Gokhale S contributed to manuscript writing and editing, and data collection; Sethy M contributed to histopathological description; Mishra P contributed to conceptualization and supervision; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: AI tools (specifically ChatGPT) were used solely for linguistic refinement and formatting assistance. No AI tool was involved in the generation of research data, interpretation of results, or formulation of conclusions. All AI-generated outputs were critically reviewed and revised by the authors.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Corresponding author: Bijnya Birajita Panda, Assistant Professor, Department of Oph
Received: March 27, 2026
Revised: May 10, 2026
Accepted: May 22, 2026
Published online: June 26, 2026
Processing time: 80 Days and 9.7 Hours
Revised: May 10, 2026
Accepted: May 22, 2026
Published online: June 26, 2026
Processing time: 80 Days and 9.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the eyelid are rare and may mimic benign cystic lesions, leading to misdiagnosis. This case highlights an unusual presentation of AVM as a presumed epidermal inclusion cyst on imaging. Complete surgical excision with histopathological confirmation remains essential for accurate diagnosis and management. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for vascular malformations in atypical eyelid masses to avoid intraoperative complications and ensure appropriate treatment.