Challenges in using virtual reality technology for pain relief

Core Tip

Core Tip: Two issues were identified as requiring further investigation when using virtual reality (VR) to improve pain. The initial challenge pertains to methodology. It was hypothesized that the effect would be enhanced by incorporating relaxation and biofeedback techniques into the immersive approach. The second challenge pertains to the use of VR for the management of chronic pain. In individuals with chronic pain, there is a reduction in the functionality of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the default mode network. The mPFC is closely associated with the reward system and the dopamine nervous system. In the context of chronic pain, it was hypothesized that a program designed to activate the reward system and the dopamine nervous system, utilizing VR, would prove to be an efficacious approach.