Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-atrial-specific cardiomyocytes and atrial fibrillation

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i27.9588

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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World J Clin Cases. Sep 26, 2022; 10(27): 9588-9601
Published online Sep 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i27.9588

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-atrial-specific cardiomyocytes and atrial fibrillation

Wattana Leowattana, Tawithep Leowattana, Pathomthep Leowattana

Wattana Leowattana, Pathomthep Leowattana, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Tawithep Leowattana, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand

Author contributions: Leowattana W wrote the paper; Leowattana T and Leowattana P collected the data.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Corresponding author: Wattana Leowattana, MD, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajavithi Road, Rachatawee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. wattana.leo@mahidol.ac.th

Received: May 4, 2022
Peer-review started: May 4, 2022
First decision: June 11, 2022
Revised: June 22, 2022
Accepted: August 16, 2022
Article in press: August 16, 2022
Published online: September 26, 2022
Processing time: 134 Days and 22.8 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: New medications to treat atrial fibrillation (AF) without causing ventricular arrhythmias are urgently needed. However, access to atrial human tissue is restricted, a problem that may be largely addressed by the general availability of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived atrial cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-aCMs), which provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the pathophysiology of AF and the efficacy and toxicity of treatment options. The primary drawback of using hiPSC-aCMs is their immature phenotype. Several laboratories are researching CM maturation techniques, including culture conditions, electrical stimulation, and biophysical and biochemical features. The current strategies being investigated for use in the maturation of patient-specific hiPSC-aCMs and their application towards a tailored strategy for the pharmacologic management of AF are covered in this review.