Capillary leak syndrome: A rare cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Core Tip

Core Tip: Despite various studies on capillary leak syndrome (CLS) management, there is no consensus on its specific treatment measures. Intensive care with judicious fluid use is the mainstay of therapy. The outcome of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and refractory hypoxemia may be improved with proning and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Steroid and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy may be helpful in the management of severe CLS. However, there is a clear need for clinical trials to determine the therapeutic efficacy of steroids, IVIGs, and other agents targeting the various pathophysiologic mechanisms for severe CLS. Determining the optimal dosage and duration of therapy will facilitate the establishment of treatment guidelines.