Overexpression of HSP27 and HSP70 is associated with decreased survival among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i3.260

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Clin Cases. Feb 6, 2019; 7(3): 260-269
Published online Feb 6, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i3.260

Overexpression of HSP27 and HSP70 is associated with decreased survival among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma

Henna K Söderström, Juha T Kauppi, Niku Oksala, Timo Paavonen, Leena Krogerus, Jari Räsänen, Tuomo Rantanen

Henna K Söderström, Juha T Kauppi, Jari Räsänen, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland

Niku Oksala, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland

Niku Oksala, Department of Vascular Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33520, Finland

Timo Paavonen, Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories and Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland

Leena Krogerus, Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00029 Helsinki 00029, Finland

Tuomo Rantanen, Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70029, Finland

Tuomo Rantanen, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70029, Finland

Author contributions: All the authors contributed to this paper.

Institutional review board statement: The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee at Helsinki University Central Hospital.

Informed consent statement: Because of retrospective study signed informed consent form is not needed. However, Helsinki University Hospital has given permission to conduct this study.

Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors have no conflict of interest.

Corresponding author: Tuomo Rantanen, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Box 100, Kuopio 70029, Finland. tuomo.rantanen@kuh.fi

Telephone: +358-50-4028461 Fax: +358-17-173 599

Received: November 19, 2018
Peer-review started: November 19, 2018
First decision: December 5, 2018
Revised: December 21, 2018
Accepted: December 29, 2018
Article in press: December 30, 2018
Published online: February 6, 2019
Processing time: 72 Days and 14.7 Hours

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

Research background

Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is associated with several malignancies. It contributes to the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer, and to the inhibition of cellular death. There has been active research into using HSP inhibitors in several malignancies in recent years.

Research motivation

Because of the poor prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), it would be valuable to find new biomarkers for the development of cancer treatments.

Research objectives

In the present study, the authors intend to analyze the expression of HSP27 and HSP70, and their association with survival, in patients with EAC.

Research methods

Immunohistochemical analyses and evaluations of HSP27 and HSP70 expression were performed on all available samples from 93 patients diagnosed with EAC. From the same patient population, 15 cases with Barrett’s metaplasia and 5 control cases were included in the analysis. HSP expression was quantitatively assessed and classified as high or low. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the effect on survival.

Research results

Tumor stage and surgical treatment were the main prognostic factors. High HSP27 expression in cancer cases was a strong negative predictive factor, with a mean survival of 23 mo vs the 49 mo in cases with a low expression. The results were similar for HSP70, with a poorer survival of 17 mo in cases with high HSP70 expression, in contrast to 40 mo in cases with a low expression. Higher HSP27 and HSP70 expressions remained an independent negative prognostic factor. The HSPs’ correlation with survival was not affected by cancer treatments.

Research conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time, HSP27 and HSP70 overexpression is associated with poor survival in EAC.

Research perspectives

To evaluate their feasibility and utility as therapeutic targets, further studies on HSP27/70 expressions in EAC are required.