Classification of rectal cancer according to recurrence types - comparison of Japanese guidelines and Western guidelines

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

Research background

Rectal cancer is characterized by more local recurrence and lung metastasis than colon cancer. However, the diagnosis of rectal cancer is not standardized as there is no global consensus on its definition and classification. The classification of rectal cancer differs between Japanese and Western guidelines.

Research motivation

To clarify the characteristics of rectal cancer by comparing the tumor location and characteristics of rectal cancer with those of colon cancer according to each set.

Research objectives

To make the management of rectal cancer a common understanding and to help determine the optimal treatment strategy. To that end, each guideline was compared.

Research methods

A total of 958 patients with Stage II and III colorectal cancer were included in the analysis: 607 with colon cancer and 351 with rectal cancer. Localization of rectal cancers was assessed by enema examination and rigid endoscopy.

Research results

Rectal cancer, which is indicated for chemoradiotherapy in the Western country, is consistent with middle-lower rectal cancer in Japan, and the recurrence rate was characterized by local recurrence and lung metastasis more than colon cancer.

Research conclusions

High rectal cancer may be treated with the same treatment strategies as colon cancer. There was no difference in the classification of colorectal cancer between Japan and Western countries.

Research perspectives

Chemoradiotherapy and lateral lymph node dissection are available for rectal cancer. Although many studies are being conducted around the world, clarifying the correct diagnosis will help in selecting the optimal treatment.