T-cell immunoglobulin mucin molecule-3, transformation growth factor β, and chemokine-12 and the prognostic status of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i32.11804

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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World J Clin Cases. Nov 16, 2022; 10(32): 11804-11811
Published online Nov 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i32.11804

T-cell immunoglobulin mucin molecule-3, transformation growth factor β, and chemokine-12 and the prognostic status of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Hao Wu, Hui-Cong Sun, Gui-Fang Ouyang

Hao Wu, Gui-Fang Ouyang, Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang Province, China

Hui-Cong Sun, Department of Adult Internal Medicine, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo 315012, Zhejiang Province, China`

Author contributions: Wu H and Ouyang GF for their help in research ideas and design; Ouyang GF for supervision and writing the review; Wu H and Sun HC for their role in research implementation, data collection, and manuscript submission; Wu H for statistical analysis, manuscript editing, and writing.

Supported by Ningbo Science and Technology Program, No. 2019A6-10312.

Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by Ningbo First Hospital.

Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardians provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.

Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.

STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE statement checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE statement checklist of items.

Corresponding author: Gui-Fang Ouyang, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Malignancies, No. 59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang Province, China. oyguifangoy@163.com

Received: August 1, 2022
Peer-review started: August 1, 2022
First decision: August 21, 2022
Revised: September 8, 2022
Accepted: October 19, 2022
Article in press: October 19, 2022
Published online: November 16, 2022
Processing time: 98 Days and 21.9 Hours

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

Research background

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignant tumor with biological heterogeneity characterized by high recurrence, high malignancy, and poor overall prognosis. Exploring the prognostic factors and therapeutic targets of DLBCL is crucial to improve patient prognosis. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and chemokine 12 (CXCL12) are closely related to immune function and can affect the prognosis of various solid tumors by participating in tumor immune escape.

Research motivation

Owing to limited reports on the role of Tim-3, TGF-β, and CXCL12 expression in the prognosis of DLBCL, their effects on the prognosis of DLBCL patients remain unclear.

Research objectives

We investigated the relationship between Tim-3, TGF-β, and CXCL12 expression and DLBCL prognosis.

Research methods

The lymph node tissues of 97 patients with DLBCL and 93 patients with normal reactive hyperplasia were selected as DLBCL and control groups, respectively. The expression of Tim-3, TGF-β, and CXCL12 was detected using immunohistochemistry. The patients were followed up for 3 years, and progression-free survival was recorded. Cox multivariate analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis.

Research results

Clinical stage III–IV, bone marrow infiltration, high-risk IPI score, Tim-3 positivity, TGF-β positivity, and CXCL12 positivity were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of DLBCL.

Research conclusions

Tim-3, TGF-β, and CXCL12 have high positive expression rates in DLBCL and can be used to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of R-CHOP chemotherapy. In addition, these factors may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for DLBCL.

Research perspectives

Future work and clinical research can further validate the accuracy of the experimental results by expanding the sample size and conducting multicenter studies, and ultimately applying the results to the prognostic analysis of DLBCL.