Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 6, 2021; 9(28): 8366-8373
Published online Oct 6, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i28.8366
Ultrasonographic assessment of cardiac function and disease severity in coronary heart disease
Jing-Fang Zhang, Yin-Hui Du, Hai-Yan Hu, Xiu-Qing Han
Jing-Fang Zhang, Hai-Yan Hu, Xiu-Qing Han, Ultrasonic Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
Yin-Hui Du, Ultrasonic Department, Xi’an Fifth Hospital Shanxi Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xi'an 710082, Shaanxi Province, China
Author contributions: Zhang JF and Du YH designed the experiment; Hu HY drafted the work, Han XQ collected the data; Zhang JF analyzed and interpreted the data; Zhang JF and Du YH wrote the article.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical College Ethics Committee.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest between them.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Yin-Hui Du, MD, Chief Doctor, Ultrasonic Department, Xi’an Fifth Hospital Shanxi Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 112 Xiguanzheng Street, Xi’an 710082, Shaanxi Province, China. xiaozhangok9999@163.com
Received: June 2, 2021
Peer-review started: June 2, 2021
First decision: June 24, 2021
Revised: July 5, 2021
Accepted: August 5, 2021
Article in press: August 5, 2021
Published online: October 6, 2021
Processing time: 118 Days and 1.6 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Coronary heart disease (CHD) causes many adverse cardiovascular events and poses a threat to the patient’s health and quality of life.

AIM

To evaluate ultrasonography for evaluation of cardiac function and lesion degree in patients with CHD.

METHODS

A total of 106 patients with CHD (study group) and 106 healthy individuals (control group) in our hospital from March 2019 to September 2020 were selected for this study. All subjects were examined by ultrasound, and the mitral orifice’s early-to-late diastolic blood flow velocity ratio (E/A), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVDd), and left atrial diameter (LAD) were measured. Values were compared between the study group and healthy group, and the correlation between the ultrasonic parameters of patients with different cardiac function grades and the degree of CHD were assessed. In addition, the ultrasonic parameters of patients with different prognoses were compared after a follow-up for 6 mo.

RESULTS

E/A (1.46 ± 0.34) of the study group was smaller than that of the control group (1.88 ± 0.44), while LVDd (58.24 ± 5.05 mm) and LAD (43.31 ± 4.38 mm) were larger (48.15 ± 3.93 and 34.94 ± 2.81, respectively; P < 0.05). E/A for patients with grade III disease (1.41 ± 0.43) was smaller and their LVDd (60.04 ± 4.21 mm) and LA (44.16 ± 2.79 mm) were larger than those in patients with grade II disease (1.71 ± 0.48, 52.18 ± 3.67 mm, and 39.68 ± 2.37, respectively; P < 0.05). Patients with grade IV disease had smaller E/A (1.08 ± 0.39) and larger LVDd (66.81 ± 5.39 mm) and LAD (48.81 ± 3.95 mm) than patients with grade II and III disease (P < 0.05). In patients with moderate disease, E/A (1.44 ± 0.41) was smaller and LVDd (59.95 ± 4.14 mm) and LAD (45.15 ± 2.97 mm) were larger than in patients with mild disease (1.69 ± 0.50, 51.97 ± 3.88 and 38.81 ± 2.56 mm, respectively; P < 0.05). In patients with severe disease, E/A (1.13 ± 0.36) was smaller and LVDd (67.70 ± 6.11 mm) and LAD (49.09 ± 4.05 mm) were larger than in patients with moderate disease (P < 0.05). E/A was negatively correlated with cardiac function classification and disease severity, while LVDd and LAD were positively correlated with cardiac function classification and disease severity (P < 0.05). E/A (1.83 ± 0.51) for patients with good prognosis was higher than that for those with poor prognosis (1.39 ± 0.32), while LVDd (49.60 ± 4.39 mm) and LAD (36.13 ± 3.05 mm) were lower (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The ultrasonic parameters of patients with CHD are abnormal, and differ significantly in patients with different cardiac function grades, lesion degree, and prognosis.

Keywords: Ultrasonography; Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; Left atrial diameter; Coronary heart disease; Cardiac function

Core Tip: This article confirms that patients with coronary heart disease have abnormal ultrasound examination parameters, and there are significant differences in these parameters among patients with different levels of cardiac function, disease severity, and prognosis. Therefore, ultrasound can be used to assess the condition and prognosis of the disease.