Published online Jul 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i20.5730
Peer-review started: March 11, 2021
First decision: March 25, 2021
Revised: April 6, 2021
Accepted: May 6, 2021
Article in press: May 6, 2021
Published online: July 16, 2021
Processing time: 118 Days and 0.8 Hours
Cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is a rare vascular disease characterized by the presence of diffuse vascular proliferation, progressive vascular hyperflow and vasodilation of multiple vessels in the normal brain parenchyma. Unlike cerebral arteriovenous malformations, CPA has a mixed appearance between that of lesions with cell proliferation and endothelial proliferation. To date, the pathogenesis of CPA is unclear, in which changes induced by cortical ischemia in the elastic layer of the blood supply artery and smooth muscle cells may be involved.
In this article, we retrospectively analyzed a case of hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic CPA diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography and reviewed the related literature for further exploration of its pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
The information in the present case report may facilitate further clinical research on this cerebrovascular disease.
Core Tip: This article reports a very rare case of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, namely ischemic cerebral proliferative angiopathy. After consulting major databases, we found that cases of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebral proliferative angiopathy have been reported, but the biggest feature of this case is the phenomenon of hemorrhagic transformation after ischemia. So far, there are few reports of such diseases globally, and their pathogenesis is currently unclear. The diagnosis and treatment methods are limited. Therefore, this article reviews relevant literature to better understand this rare disease and provides clues for further clinical research.