Published online Jun 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4866
Peer-review started: February 8, 2021
First decision: March 7, 2021
Revised: March 13, 2021
Accepted: May 7, 2021
Article in press: May 7, 2021
Published online: June 26, 2021
Processing time: 122 Days and 18.2 Hours
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin that mainly affects children. Spindle cell/sclerosing RMS (SSRMS) is even rarer. It is a new subtype that was added to the World Health Organization disease classification in 2013. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of adult SSRMS disease classification originating in the temporal muscle.
SSRMS originating in the temporal muscle of a male adult enlarged rapidly, destroyed the skull, and invaded the meninges. The tumor was completely removed, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was SSRMS. Postoperative recovery was good and chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given after the operation. Followed up for 3 mo, no tumor recurred.
RMS is one of the differential diagnoses for head soft tissue tumors with short-term enlargement and skull infiltration. Preoperative computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is necessary for early detection of tumor invasion of the skull and brain tissue.
Core Tip: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin that mainly affects children. Spindle cell/sclerosing RMS (SSRMS) is even rarer. We describe an adult case of SSRMS originating in the temporal muscle. The tumor rapidly enlarged, destroyed the skull, and invaded the meninges. The tumor was completely removed. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was SSRMS. This case report provides complete imaging data of tumor progression. To our knowledge, this case is the first reported adult SSRMS originating from the temporal muscle.