Published online Oct 26, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i20.4975
Peer-review started: June 12, 2020
First decision: August 21, 2020
Revised: August 31, 2020
Accepted: September 10, 2020
Article in press: September 10, 2020
Published online: October 26, 2020
Processing time: 132 Days and 3.5 Hours
Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) is a rare cause of diarrhea in children. However, it can result in early-onset of chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive. Children with this disease have to depend on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and eventually small intestine transplantation. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) gene was identified to be associated with CTE. Here, we present a case of an infant with CTE due to a mutation not reported in the literature before.
A 1-year and 7-mo infant boy exhibited intractable watery diarrhea and mushy stool within 1 wk after birth, for which he had required medical treatment and hospitalization several times. His sister presented similar symptoms and died at the age of two. On admission, his body weight was 5700 g (-4.8SDS) and measured 66 cm (-5.4SDS) in height. Meanwhile, he cannot speak or climb. He exhibited mild anemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and an infection in the upper respiratory tract. Microvilli sparse and vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells were reported by small intestine biopsy. Whole-exome sequencing showed a novel homozygous splice mutation (c.657+1[IVS6] G>A) in the EPCAM gene. He was treated with TPN and recombinant human growth hormone. After 2 mo, his body weight was up to 8500 g and he has been waiting for small bowel transplantation.
CTE is rare but fatal. Patients with CTE require rapid diagnosis and therapy to improve their survival.
Core Tip: Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) is a rare cause of congenital diarrheal disorders. Patients suffering from CTE are characterized by intractable watery diarrhea and severe malnutrition throughout their life. They depend on total parenteral nutrition to sustain their weight and eventually small intestine transplantation. We reported the case of an infant with severe watery diarrhea and failure to thrive who was subsequently found to have a new mutation in epithelial cell adhesion molecule gene (c.657+1[IVS6] G>A). Patients with CTE require rapid diagnosis and therapy to improve their survival.