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World J Clin Cases. Jun 6, 2020; 8(11): 2102-2110
Published online Jun 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i11.2102
Altered physiology of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Dai Sik Ko, Yun Hak Kim, Tae Sik Goh, Jung Sub Lee
Dai Sik Ko, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheoz 21565, South Korea
Yun Hak Kim, Department of Anatomy and Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, South Korea
Tae Sik Goh, Jung Sub Lee, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, South Korea
Author contributions: Ko DS and Goh TS collected relevant data and literature, drafted the manuscript; Kim YH and Lee JS made critical revisions related to important intellectual content of the manuscript, and approved final version of manuscript for submission.
Supported by National Research Foundation of Korea, No. NRF-2020R1C1C1003741, No. NRF-2018R1D1A1B07047666 and No. NRF-2017M3C9A6047610; and Biomedical Research Institute, No. Research council 2020.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tae Sik Goh, MD, PhD, Doctor, Surgeon, Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Busan 49241, South Korea. taesikgoh@gmail.com
Received: February 27, 2020
Peer-review started: February 27, 2020
First decision: April 29, 2020
Revised: May 13, 2020
Accepted: May 23, 2020
Article in press: May 23, 2020
Published online: June 6, 2020
Processing time: 102 Days and 0.7 Hours
Abstract

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity during puberty, especially in females. It is characterized by aberrant skeletal growth and generalized reduced bone density, which is associated with impaired bone mineral metabolism. Despite recent progress in multidisciplinary research to support various hypotheses, the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is still not clearly understood. One of the hypothesis is to study the role of mesenchymal stem cells due to its involvement in the above-mentioned bone metabolic abnormalities. In this review, we will summarize reported literatures on the role of mesenchymal stem cells, particularly in the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. In addition, we will describe the research on mesenchymal stem cells of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis performed using bioinformatics tools.

Keywords: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Mesenchymal stem cell; Bioinformatics; Transcriptome; Proteome

Core tip: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity that occurs in adolescent females. Despite many reports, the pathomechanism of this disease is still unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that differentiate into multiple cell lineages are known to contribute to the initiation and progression of AIS, but the exact role has not been understood yet. In this review, we summarize a series of studies on the role of mesenchymal stem cells, with differential expression levels of gene, RNA, and protein, in the pathogenesis of AIS. Furthermore, we present the future perspectives on the role of MSCs in the clinical outcome of AIS.