Published online Apr 16, 2017. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v5.i4.128
Peer-review started: November 25, 2016
First decision: December 15, 2016
Revised: January 17, 2017
Accepted: February 18, 2017
Article in press: February 20, 2017
Published online: April 16, 2017
Processing time: 140 Days and 4 Hours
This review discusses the history of tracheal reconstruction; from early work to future challenges. The focus is primarily on prosthetic tracheal reconstruction in the form of intraluminal stents, patch repairs, circumferential repairs and replacement of the trachea. A historical perspective of materials used such as foreign materials, autografts, allografts, xenografts and techniques, along with their advantages and disadvantages, is provided.
Core tip: Reconstruction of tracheal defects has historically been difficult, predominantly due to the lack of an intrinsic blood supply. Direct anastomosis is generally considered to be the best option. For larger defects, stenting and prosthetic reconstruction remain the primary methodologies. In light of the recent scandal surrounding tracheal replacement, this article aims to give a historical review of tracheal reconstruction methods.