Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 6, 2023; 11(7): 1627-1633
Published online Mar 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1627
Prostate lymphoma with renal obstruction; reflections on diagnosis and treatment: Two case reports
Tao-Fen Chen, Wen-Li Lin, Wen-Ya Liu, Chi-Ming Gu
Tao-Fen Chen, Wen-Li Lin, Wen-Ya Liu, Chi-Ming Gu, Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
Author contributions: Chen TF contributed to manuscript writing, editing, and data collection; Lin WL and Liu WY contributed to data analysis; Gu CM contributed to conceptualization and supervision; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Chi-Ming Gu, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China. guchiming@gzucm.edu.cn
Received: December 1, 2022
Peer-review started: December 2, 2022
First decision: December 19, 2022
Revised: January 2, 2023
Accepted: February 2, 2023
Article in press: February 2, 2023
Published online: March 6, 2023
Processing time: 91 Days and 10.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Prostate lymphoma has no characteristic clinical symptomatology, is often misdiagnosed, and currently, clinical case reports of this disease are relatively rare. The disease develops rapidly and is not sensitive to conventional treatment. A delay in the treatment of hydronephrosis may lead to renal function injury, often causing physical discomfort and rapid deterioration with the disease. This paper presents two patients with lymphoma of prostate origin, followed by a summary of the literature concerning the identification and treatment of such patients.

CASE SUMMARY

This paper reports on the cases of two patients with prostate lymphoma admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, one of whom died of the disease 2 mo after diagnosis, while the other was treated promptly, and his tumor was significantly reduced at the 6-mo follow-up.

CONCLUSION

The literature shows that prostate lymphoma is often seen as a benign prostate disease during its pathogenesis, even though primary prostate lymphoma enlarges rapidly and diffusely with the invasion of surrounding tissues and organs. In addition, prostate-specific antigen levels are not elevated and are not specific. There are no significant features in single imaging either, but during dynamic observation of imaging, it can be found that the lymphoma is diffusely enlarged locally and that systemic symptoms metastasize rapidly. The two cases of rare prostate lymphoma reported herein provide a reference for clinical decision making, and the authors conclude that early nephrostomy to relieve the obstruction plus chemotherapy is the most convenient and effective treatment option for the patient.

Keywords: Lymphoma; Prostate; Cancer; Prognosis; Case report

Core Tip: Primary prostate lymphoma is extremely rare clinically. Its common pathological type is non-diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, and the mainstream treatment is chemotherapy. However, its diagnosis lacks specific indicators, and delays in treatment due to clinical misdiagnosis often result in adverse events. Early detection of suspicious lesions and provision of appropriate aggressive treatment, such as rituximab–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, before the continued expansion of the metastatic area has a positive impact on patient prognosis.