Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive dermatomyositis accompanied by rapidly lung disease: Three case reports

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Clinically amyopathic deramatomyositis was manifested as the various cutaneous dermatomyositis (DM) manifestations without muscle weakness. Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive clinically amyopathic DM patients are at a high risk of developing rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, and they exhibit an immensely high half-year mortality.

CASE SUMMARY

We presented three patients with anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM patients and we reviewed the previous studies on the link between anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM. Although we aggressively treated these patients similarly, but they all exhibited different prognoses. We reviewed the importance of clinical cutaneous rashes as well as the pathogenesis and treatment in the dual positive anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 associated DM.

CONCLUSION

Patients with anti-MDA5 anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM should be accurately diagnosed at an early stage and should be treated aggressively, thus, the patient’s prognosis can be significantly modified.

Keywords: Case series; Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; Anti-Ro52; Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis; Interstitial lung disease; Case report

Core Tip: In this study, we presented three rare cases of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (Anti-MDA5) and anti-Ro52 dual positive clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (DM) accompanied by rapidly interstitial lung disease (ILD). Moreover, we reviewed the clinical manifesetations, pathogenesis and therapy about it. More imterestingly, there was a similarity between anti-MDA5 associated DM complicated rapidly progressive ILD and severe coronavirus disease 2019 pneumomia.