Menstrual cycle abnormalities in women with inflammatory bowel disease and effects of biological therapy on gynecological pathology

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that affects young individuals in their reproductive years. It may have long-term implications on their reproductive, sexual, and mental health. IBD has been related to menstrual abnormalities. Furthermore, the administration of biological therapy can also result in gynecological issues in addition to the disease itself. The purpose of this review was to present potential menstrual cycle problems in patients with IBD, as well as the impact of adalimumab and other anti-tumor necrosis factor medications on gynecological pathology.

Keywords: Menstrual disorders; Inflammatory bowel disease; Adalimumab; Infliximab; Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α

Core Tip: In this review, our aim was to present possible menstrual disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the effects of adalimumab and other anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs on gynecological pathology. The correct diagnosis and selection of treatment for women with IBD and gynecological disorders can be a challenge for clinicians and can require a more careful and extensive examination of the patient. Furthermore, new studies show the possible widening use of biological therapies, such as reducing ovarian ischemia, preserving ovarian reserve, and reducing the degree of endometriosis. More detailed human studies are needed, as well as studies involving other anti-TNF-α drugs, to clarify their potential benefits in treating these conditions.