Zhou P, Chen YH, Lu JH, Jin CC, Xu XH, Gong XH. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor after breast prosthesis: A case report and literature review. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(4): 1432-1440 [PMID: 35211580 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i4.1432]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xue-Hao Gong, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002 Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China. fox_gxh@sina.com
Research Domain of This Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Peng Zhou, Yi-Hao Chen, Jiang-Hao Lu, Chun-Chun Jin, Xue-Hao Gong, Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China
Yi-Hao Chen, Xiao-Hong Xu, Xue-Hao Gong, Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China
Xiao-Hong Xu, Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong Province, China
Author contributions: Zhou P and Chen YH contributed equally to this manuscript; Zhou P and Chen YH were responsible for collecting the medical history of the patient and drafting the paper; Lu JH reviewed the literature; Jin CC revised the manuscript; Xu XH revised the manuscript for important intellectual content and edited the figures; Gong XH reviewed and edited the manuscript; all authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Supported bySanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen, No. SZSM201612027; Clinical Research Project of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, No. 20203357001.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicting interests.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xue-Hao Gong, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002 Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China. fox_gxh@sina.com
Received: September 5, 2021 Peer-review started: September 5, 2021 First decision: October 11, 2021 Revised: October 21, 2021 Accepted: December 23, 2021 Article in press: December 23, 2021 Published online: February 6, 2022 Processing time: 140 Days and 16.5 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are defined as tumors composed of differentiated myofibroblastic spindle cells, usually accompanied by numerous plasma cells and lymphocytes, and classified as intermediate (occasionally metastatic) by the World Health Organization. Its pathogenesis and biological behavior have not yet been elucidated. Breast IMT is extremely rare, and prosthesis implantation combined with IMT has not been reported. This study reports a case of IMT following resection of a malignant phyllodes tumor of the left breast and implantation of a prosthesis.
CASE SUMMARY
A 41-year-old female presented to our hospital with a mass in the left breast for 3 mo. The patient had undergone resection of a large mass in her left breast pathologically diagnosed as a malignant phyllodes tumor and implantation of a prosthesis five years prior. Ultrasonic examination revealed an oval mass in the left breast, and the patient underwent left breast mass resection and prosthesis removal. Light microscopy revealed the spindle cells to be diffusely proliferated, with a large number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cell infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the spindle cells were partially positive for smooth muscle actin, which is positive for BCL-2 and cluster of differentiation (CD) 99 but were negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase, cytokeratin, S-100 protein, desmin, and CD34. The final diagnosis was IMT. No recurrence or metastasis was observed during the 5-year postoperative follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Prosthesis implantation may be one of the causes of IMT, but further investigation is necessary to prove it.
Core Tip: We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the breast are rare and unique; however, whether they are reactive or neoplastic in nature remains unelucidated. This case presented the opportunity to review studies regarding cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic breast tumors and determine whether they are reactive lesions due to an exaggerated response to tissue injury or indicate a true neoplastic process. This report prompts that prosthesis implantation may cause IMT.
