Published online Apr 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i11.3490
Peer-review started: July 31, 2021
First decision: October 22, 2021
Revised: October 30, 2021
Accepted: February 27, 2022
Article in press: February 27, 2022
Published online: April 16, 2022
Processing time: 251 Days and 2.1 Hours
Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola (C. cassiicola) infections rarely occur in humans. Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9 (CARD9) are reported to be associated with fungal diseases. Pulmonary Cladosporium infection coexisting with subcutaneous C. cassiicola infection in a patient with a CARD9 mutation has not been reported in the literature.
A 68-year-old male patient was hospitalized for hypertrophic erythema and deep ulcers on the left upper extremity. He was diagnosed with pneumonia caused by Cladosporium, as identified through bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis, and deep dermatophytosis caused by C. cassiicola, as identified through morphological characteristics of the wound secretion culture. He underwent antifungal therapy (voriconazole) and recovered successfully. He carried two mutations in CARD9 (chr9:139266425 and chr9:139262240) and was therefore susceptible to fungal infections.
This case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C. cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation. Our findings will be helpful in enriching the phenotypic spectrum of fungal infections underlying CARD9 deficiency.
Core Tip: The genus Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola (C. cassiicola) rarely cause human infections. Patient with caspase recruitment domain protein 9 (CARD9) mutation is reported to be more susceptible to fungal infections. Our case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C. cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation. Multiple fungal infections in patients with CARD9 mutation are worth clinicians’ attention.