Association of chronic kidney disease with in-hospital mortality of cardiogenic shock patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Table 1 Patient demographics and baseline characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Setting	Sample size	Age (years, mean ± SD)	BMI (mean ± SD)	Male (n)	Chronic kidney disease (non-survivor/survivor)	Hypertension (non-survivor/survivor)	Diabetes mellitus (non-survivor/survivor)	Mortality (%)
Jeong et al[11], 2024	Multicenter	322	65.2 ± 12.1	23.5 ± 3.2	241	21/5	109/64	137/60	52.1
Zhang et al[12], 2022	Single-center	510	66.0	-	337	72/79	112/137	86/83	44.5
Laimoud and Alanazi[13], 2020	Single-center	106	64.7 ± 7.0	26.5 ± 7.0	74	19/2	20/14	11/9	56.6
Schmidt et al[14], 2015	Single-center	3846	40.2 ± 14.4	-	2548	87/25	-	-	58.4
Peigh et al[15], 2015	Single-center	73	48.0 ± 14.0	-	47	14/6	-	9/12	35.6
Aso et al[16], 2016	Multicenter	4658	64.8 ± 13.7	-	3399	389/130	-	-	73.6
Wang et al[17], 2022	Single-center	574	-	-	394	107/71	205/183	110/78	-
Rubino et al[18], 2018	Single-center	101	57.1 ± 15.8	-	64	5/0	25/9	12/4	66.3
Rastan et al[19], 2010	Single-center	517	63.5 ± 11.2	-	370	69/12	274/89	143/24	75.2
Papadopoulos et al[20], 2015	Single-center	360	62.0 ± 17.0	-	274	32/8	173/54	122/29	70.0
Vigneshwar et al[21], 2020	Multicenter	789	54.8 ± 9.8	29.8	535	117/72	145/83	190/111	57.9
Salna et al[22], 2020	Single-center	112	69.0	30.1	66	33/6	52/18	31/8	72.3
Kuroki et al[23], 2016	Single-center	217	58.9 ± 15.0	24.0 ± 4.9	180	116/28	-	-	71.4

BMI: Body mass index; -: Not reported.

Table 2 Critical appraisal by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale

Ref.	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Overall
Jeong et al[11], 2024	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Laimoud and Alanazi[13], 2020	√	√	√	√	-	√	√	√	7/9
Kuroki et al[23], 2016	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Aso et al[16], 2016	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Rastan et al[19], 2010	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Wang et al[17], 2022	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Salna et al[22], 2020	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Zhang et al[12], 2022	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Peigh et al[15], 2015	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Schmidt et al[14], 2015	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Vigneshwar et al[21], 2020	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Papadopoulos et al[20], 2015	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9
Rubino et al[18], 2018	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9/9

A summary plot of the selected studies. Risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Q1: Representativeness of exposed cohort. Q2: Selection of non-exposed cohort. Q3: Ascertainment of exposure. Q4: Demonstration that the outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study. Q5: Comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis (2 points). Q6: Assessment of outcome. Q7: Was the follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur? Q8: Adequacy of follow-up of study groups. An overall Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score of 7 and above is considered low risk, a score of 5 to 7 is considered to have some concerns, and a score under 5 is considered high risk.