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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Virol. Sep 25, 2025; 14(3): 107214
Published online Sep 25, 2025. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.107214
Published online Sep 25, 2025. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.107214
Uptake and disparities in tuberculosis screening using urine-lipoarabinomannan among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus-disease in Africa: A systematic review
Lynn Moshi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam 14112, Tanzania
Hafidha Mhando Bakari, Department of Literature, Communication and Publishing, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam 16103, Tanzania
Jackline Vicent Mbishi, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 11102, Tanzania
Zuhura Mbwana Ally, Hassan Fredrick Fussi, Department of Medicine, District Hospital, Tanga 21628, Tanzania
Mariam Salim Mbwana, Department of Medicine, Primary Health Care Institute, Iringa 51108, Tanzania
Haji Mbwana Ally, Department of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi 25116, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Rahma Musoke, Department of Research, Water Mission, Dar es Salaam 14112, Tanzania
Swalehe Mustafa Salim, Department of Research, Canada Youth Group, Dar es Salaam 15103, Tanzania
Maximillian Francis Karia, Department of Research, The Greenfield School at Wilson, North Carolina, Wilson, NC 27893, United States
Leticia Francis Karia, Department of Research, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, United States
Aboubakar Omar Mustafa, Department of Pharmacy, Tanga Regional Referral Hospital, Tanga 21101, Tanzania
Ibrahim Ahmed El-lmam, Department of Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
Habib Omari Ramadhani, Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
Co-first authors: Lynn Moshi and Hafidha Mhando Bakari.
Author contributions: Moshi L, Bakari HM, and Ramadhani HO contributed to conceptualization; Ally ZM, Moshi L, Musoke R, Mbwana MS, Mustafa AO, Ally HM, and Ramadhani HO contributed to data curation; Mbishi JV, Ally HM, and Ramadhani HO contributed to formal analysis; Mbishi JV, Ally HM, Bakari HM, Fussi HF, Ibrahim AE, and Ramadhani HO contributed to methodology; Fussi HF and Ramadhani HO; Ally ZM, Moshi L, Musoke R, Mbwana MS, Mustafa AO and Ramadhani HO contributed to validation; Mbishi JV, Karia MF contributed to writing original draft Bakari HM and Moshi L contributed to visualization; Bakari HM, Mbishi JV, Ally ZM, Mbwana MS, Moshi L, Musoke R, Salim SM, Karia MF, Karia LF, Fussi HF, Mustafa AO, Ibrahim AE and Ramadhani HO contributed to writing review and editing. All authors reviewed this manuscript, provided feedback, and approved the manuscript in its final form.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised accordingly.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Habib Omari Ramadhani, Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. homari@ihv.umaryland.edu
Received: March 18, 2025
Revised: April 21, 2025
Accepted: June 13, 2025
Published online: September 25, 2025
Processing time: 191 Days and 18 Hours
Revised: April 21, 2025
Accepted: June 13, 2025
Published online: September 25, 2025
Processing time: 191 Days and 18 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Despite its benefit, the utility of lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assays in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in Africa is low. This systematic review analyzed 16055 participants with advanced HIV from nineteen studies involving thirteen countries in Africa. Of the participants eligible to test for TB using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM), only 63% tested with uptake being lower among children compared to adults. Among those diagnosed with TB, 22% died. Nearly four in ten people with advanced HIV disease in Africa tested for TB using LF-LAM per the World Health Organization recommendations, indi