Endocrine-related neurological function recovery in pancreatic transplantation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Study design	Sample size (experimental group data:control group data)	Study period	Experimental group characteristics				Control group characteristics			Transplant characteristics
				Age	Gender (M/F)	BMI	Diabetes duration (years)	Age	Gender (M/F)	BMI	Immunosuppressive therapy	Follow up duration (months)	Outcomes
Malaise et al[23], 2005	Randomized controlled trial	205 (103:102)	2005	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	NA	N/A	Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin, CyA-ME, MMF, corticosteroids	24, 36	Lower pancreatic graft loss, fewer drug discontinuations (Tacrolimus); more thrombosis, study interruptions (CyA-ME)
Kamo et al[24], 2020	Randomized controlled trial	23 (12:11)	2017-2018	58.5	5:7	N/A	N/A	60	7:4	N/A	N/A	2	Improved graft survival, muscle mass, shorter hospital stay, reduced acute rejection (β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate)
Kaido et al[25], 2018	Randomized controlled trial	114 (57:57 )	2014-2016	56.0	29:28	23.9	N/A	57	22:34	23.2	Tac, MMF, steroids	12	Faster caloric intake, increased portal vein flow; no primary outcome difference (daikenchuto)
Amador et al[26], 2007	Randomized controlled trial	60 (30:30 )	2002-2003	56.0 ± 9.0	15:15	N/A	N/A	53 ± 11	17:13	N/A	Steroid bolus during surgery, Tac, corticosteroids	48	Lower aspartate aminotransferase, fewer reoperations, no primary nonfunction, better endothelial markers (ischemic preconditioning)
Tang et al[27], 2023	Randomized controlled trial	48 (24:24)	2021-2022	42.0 ± 3.0	13:11	27.3 ± 1.5	N/A	46 ± 5	12:12	28.0 ± 1.7	Tac, MMF, corticosteroids	N/A	Faster neuromuscular recovery, fewer pulmonary events; similar graft survival (Sugammadex)
Björnsson et al[28], 2022	Randomized controlled trial	58 (29:29)	2015-2019	68.0	19:10	27	N/A	63	15:14	28.0	N/A	N/A	Shorter stay, quicker recovery, less bleeding; no difference in complications (laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy vs open distal pancreatectomy)
Szymanski et al[29], 2013	Randomized controlled trial	40 (20:20)	2010-2011	60.2 ± 10.6	10:10	N/A	N/A	61. 6 ± 8.5	12:8	N/A	N/A	6	Shorter hospital stay, faster gastrointestinal recovery, no delayed gastric emptying (Roux GE vs conventional GE)
Sadowski et al[30], 2015	Randomized controlled trial	35 (13:22)	2005-2010	66.1	7:6	27.8	N/A	57.4	12:10	29.2	N/A	N/A	Improved pancreatic perfusion, reduced pain; no effect on stay or mortality
Ciancio et al[31], 2012	Randomized controlled trial	163 (84:79)	2000-2009	41.5 ± 8.2	50:34	26. 0 ± 5.1	27.6 ± 7.8	43.4 ± 9.5	55:24	25.6 ± 4.5	Tac, rapamycin (or MMF), steroids	120	Lower acute rejection (kidney/pancreas) in first year; no long-term survival difference

BMI: Body mass index; CyA-ME: Cyclosporine-microemulsion; F: Female; GE: Gastroenteroanastomosis; M: Male; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; N/A: Not applicable.

Table 2 Patent information table on pancreatic and islet cell transplantation technologies

Patent ID	Title	Inventor	Publication date
WO2013134360A1	Technologies for pancreatic islet transplantation	Ho-Wook Jun, Dong-Jin Lim, Patrick TJ Hwang	2013-09-12
TW200938634A	Pancreatic islet cell preparation and transplantation	Shinichi Matsumoto	2009-09-16
JP2022506683A	Treatment and composition of type 1 diabetes using fibroblasts as facilitator for pancreas transplantation	Ohi-Mouth, Piet, Ichim, Tomas	/
US20050244386A1	Method of transplanting in a mammal and treating diabetes mellitus by administering a pseudo-islet like aggregate differentiated from a nestin-positive pancreatic stem cell	Joel Habener, Henryk Zulewski, Elizabeth AbrahamMario Vallejo, Denise Faustman, Melissa Thomas	2005-11-03
SU1147364A1	Method of transplantation of pancreas	AleksandroBich Alimov, AleksandroBich Podpryatov, Vladimir Biktorovich Zhulai	1985-03-30
RU2311135C1	Method for segmental transplantation of pancreas	BladIMIR IvanOBICH Onopriev (RU), BladimirIvanovich Onopriev, n Sergey Eduardovich Boskan (R) Cepgey Eduardovich BoskanYan, rev Victor Sergeevich Degt (RU), BIKTop Cepreevich DegtYapev, Aleksey Igorevich Artemyev (RU), Aleksey Igorevich Artemyev	2007-11-27