Voice as the sound of the psyche: Changes in prosodic characteristics in depressive patients in long-term therapy

Table 1 Description of the sample, n (%)

Variables	Values
Sex
Female	20 (80)
Male	5 (20)
Age in years (MW, SD)	33 ± 6.33
Suffering from depression	n = 25
Depression levels
Severe	14 (56)
Moderate	7 (28)
Mild	4 (16)
Evaluated sequences	n = 2151
Average length	23.72 seconds
Overall data	850.36 minutes, 14.172 hours
Psychotherapy method
CBT	6 (24)
POP	11 (44)
PA	8 (32)

POP: Psychoanalytic oriented psychotherapy; CBT: Cognitive behavioral therapy; PA: Psychoanalysis.

Table 2 Compact overview of the data per patient

ID	Method	Female	Therapy length in days	BDI start	BDI end	BDI change	Mean for start	Mean for end	Mean for change	MIDI note nr. start	MIDI note nr. end	MIDI note nr. difference	MIDI/BDI
A	CBT	1	170	21	0	-21	183.3	191.4	8.1	53.840	54.589	0.74861	0.36
B	POP	1	225	34	0	-34	239.18	235.56	-3.62	58.447	58.183	-0.26403	-0.08
C	POP	1	1045	22	15	-7	180.76	183.88	3.12	53.599	53.895	0.29627	0.42
D	CBT	1	336	16	11	-5	189.77	193.72	3.95	54.441	54.798	0.35665	0.71
E	POP	1	281	38	3	-35	182.96	184.49	1.53	53.808	53.952	0.14417	0.04
F	POP	1	350	20	6	-14	224.08	229.09	5.01	57.318	57.701	0.38281	0.27
G	PA	1	441	24	16	-8	220.9	221.1	0.2	57.071	57.086	0.01567	0.02
H	CBT	1	589	47	28	-19	178.1	184.3	6.2	53.342	53.935	0.59242	0.31
I	POP	0	181	18	0	-18	115.7	118.17	2.47	45.875	46.240	0.36570	0.20
J	CBT	1	721	32	13	-19	202.15	207.37	5.22	55.535	55.976	0.44137	0.23
K	POP	0	736	28	21	-7	98.2	105.76	7.56	43.035	44.319	1.28399	1.83
L	PA	1	1287	16	0	-16	159.91	174.47	14.56	51.477	52.986	1.50863	0.94
M	PA	1	1397	17	9	-8	207.32	216.54	9.22	55.972	56.726	0.75329	0.94
N	PA	1	972	37	0	-37	192.1	198.61	6.51	54.652	55.229	0.57697	0.16
O	POP	1	1087	36	2	-34	190.6	199.94	9.34	54.517	55.345	0.82823	0.24
P	PA	1	1015	38	7	-31	208.02	217.5	9.48	56.031	56.802	0.77152	0.25
Q	CBT	1	1035	33	2	-31	221.75	233.16	11.41	57.137	58.006	0.86863	0.28
R	PA	1	857	40	9	-31	194.4	198.68	4.28	54.858	55.235	0.37702	0.12
S	PA	0	938	30	27	-3	117.4	117.07	-0.33	46.127	46.078	-0.04873	-0.16
T	POP	1	854	45	28	-17	225.25	234.77	9.52	57.408	58.125	0.71665	0.42
U	PA	1	618	30	11	-19	218.94	224.78	5.84	56.916	57.372	0.45574	0.24
V	CBT	1	749	39	12	-27	218.54	205.39	-13.15	56.885	55.810	-1.07438	-0.40
W	POP	0	406	25	0	-25	95.95	96.03	0.08	42.634	42.649	0.01443	0.01
X	POP	0	397	25	20	-5	122.4	123.8	1.4	46.849	47.046	0.19689	0.39
Y	POP	1	1141	38	0	-38	190.05	199.4	9.35	54.467	55.298	0.83144	0.22

POP: Psychoanalytic oriented psychotherapy; CBT: Cognitive behavioral therapy; PA: Psychoanalysis; BDI: Beck depression inventory; MIDI: Musical instrument digital interface.