Constructing a predictive model for postpartum anxiety in patients with preeclampsia based on multidimensional indicators and its application

Table 1 Univariate analysis of postpartum anxiety disorder in preeclampsia patients, n (%)/mean ± SD

Information	Anxiety group (n = 51)	No-anxiety group (n = 145)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)	29.54 ± 2.66	28.93 ± 2.75	1.374	0.171
Pre pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)	23.65 ± 2.43	23.28 ± 2.52	0.910	0.364
Degree of education			0.329	0.567
High school or below	27 (52.94)	70 (48.28)
College degree or above	24 (47.06)	75 (51.72)
Monthly household income (yuan)			3.735	0.053
< 8000	28 (54.90)	57 (39.31)
≥ 8000	23 (45.10)	88 (60.69)
Childbirth history			0.057	0.811
Primipara	11 (21.57)	29 (20.00)
Multipara	40 (78.43)	116 (80.00)
Pregnancy blood pressure control			9.002	0.003
Good	26 (50.98)	107 (73.79)
Poor	25 (49.02)	38 (26.21)
Increase in BMI during pregnancy (kg/m2)	6.39 ± 1.68	4.47 ± 1.09	9.297	< 0.001
Hct (%)	62.08 ± 7.95	48.95 ± 6.43	11.770	< 0.001
Hemoglobin (g/L)	110.72 ± 10.43	112.91 ± 10.05	-1.325	0.187
Platelet count (× 109/L)	135.64 ± 36.76	141.87 ± 32.11	1.147	0.253
White blood cell count (× 109/L)	14.32 ± 1.65	14.16 ± 1.48	0.644	0.520
Delivery gestational week (weeks)	37.98 ± 0.53	38.07 ± 0.46	-1.154	0.249
Delivery method			0.178	0.673
Caesarean birth	33 (64.71)	89 (61.38)
Vaginal birth	18 (35.29)	56 (38.62)
Gender of newborn			0.195	0.659
Male baby	31 (60.78)	83 (25.49)
Female infant	20 (39.22)	62 (25.49)
Newborn birth weight (kg)	3.14 ± 0.32	3.23 ± 0.43	-1.367	0.173
Feeding methods for newborns			0.146	0.930
Artificial feeding	8 (15.69)	26 (17.93)
Mixed feeding	25 (49.02)	68 (46.90)
Exclusive breastfeeding	18 (35.29)	51 (35.17)
Family relationships			24.434	< 0.001
Harmonious	13 (25.49)	95 (65.52)
Disharmony	38 (74.51)	50 (34.48)
Psychological resilience score (points)	70.54 ± 8.65	85.69 ± 7.38	-12.041	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; Hct: Hematocrit.

Table 2 Explanation of variable assignment

Variable	Assignment instructions
Pregnancy blood pressure control	0 = good; 1 = poor
Increase in BMI during pregnancy	Original value input
Hct	Original value input
Family relationships	0 = harmony; 1 = disharmony
Psychological resilience score	Original value input

BMI: Body mass index; Hct: Hematocrit.

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of postpartum anxiety in preeclampsia patients

Variable	β	SE	Wald χ2	P value	OR (95%CI)
Poor blood pressure control during pregnancy	0.684	0.272	6.324	0.012	1.982 (1.163-3.377)
Increase in BMI during pregnancy	0.805	0.304	7.012	0.008	2.237 (1.232-4.059)
Hct	0.756	0.269	7.898	0.005	2.129 (1.257-3.608)
Family relationships are not harmonious	1.063	0.301	12.472	< 0.001	2.895 (1.606-5.217)
Psychological resilience score	-1.105	0.372	8.823	0.003	0.331 (0.159-0.686)
Constant term	-5.487	1.475	13.838	< 0.001	-

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; Hct: Hematocrit.

Table 4 Comparison of area under the curve values between the model and each index

Item 1	Item 2	AUC differentials	Standard error	95%CI	Z value	P value
Pregnancy blood pressure control	Prediction model	-0.114	0.235	-0.195 to -0.033	-2.747	0.006
Increase in BMI during pregnancy	Prediction model	-0.095	0.248	-0.188 to -0.001	-1.981	0.048
Hct	Prediction model	-0.100	0.246	-0.190 to -0.010	-2.176	0.030
Family relationships	Prediction model	-0.068	0.227	-0.135 to -0.002	-2.009	0.045
Psychological resilience score	Prediction model	-0.075	0.224	-0.146 to -0.003	-2.050	0.040

AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; Hct: Hematocrit.

Table 5 Predicted and actual values of the prediction model

Model prediction results	Actual results		In total	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Accuracy rate (%)
	Experiencing anxiety disorder	No occurrence of anxiety disorder
Experiencing anxiety disorder	18	7	25
No occurrence of anxiety disorder	3	50	53
In total	21	57	78	85.71	87.72	87.18