Effect of a combined of positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment-based mental health intervention and role model incentives

Table 1 General data comparison, mean ± SD/n (%)

Variable	Experimental group (n = 35)	Control group (n = 35)	t/χ2	P value
Mean age (years)	56.94 ± 14.01	57.14 ± 8.74	-0.072	0.943
Marital status (n)			1.726	0.631
Married	31 (88.6)	31 (88.6)
Unmarried	1 (2.8)	0 (0.0)
Widowed/divorced	3 (8.6)	4 (11.4)
Mean BMI (kg/m2)	23.84 ± 3.92	23.57 ± 2.77	0.341	0.734
Education level (n)			6.668	0.366
Junior high school or below	24 (68.6)	25 (71.4)
High school or technical secondary school	6 (17.1)	7 (20.0)
College degree or above	5 (14.3)	3 (8.6)
Tumor stage			1.188	0.815
Stage I-II	11 (31.4)	11 (31.4)
Stage III	14 (40.0)	16 (45.7)
Stage IV	10 (28.6)	8 (22.9)

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of mental states between the groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	HAMA		GSES		SDS
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	26.57 ± 3.21	10.74 ± 1.42a	28.23 ± 3.49	36.54 ± 4.12a	54.71 ± 3.30	32.74 ± 2.68a
Control	35	26.86 ± 3.82	11.77 ± 2.16a	28.20 ± 4.80	33.91 ± 4.18a	55.29 ± 7.12	40.83 ± 4.27a
t		-0.339	-2.356	0.028	2.649	-0.431	-9.491
P value		0.736	0.021	0.977	0.010	0.668	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.

HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; GSES: General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale.

Table 3 Comparison of mood states between the groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	Tension-anxiety		Depression-depression		Anger-hostility		Fatigue-inertia		Confusion-bewilderment		Vigor-activity
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	21.14 ± 3.78	8.51 ± 1.88a	41.26 ± 5.24	12.54 ± 2.53a	19.06 ± 2.17	6.06 ± 1.59a	15.09 ± 1.76	5.54 ± 1.01a	16.26 ± 2.45	6.83 ± 1.67a	9.51 ± 3.31	17.66 ± 1.31a
Control	35	21.00 ± 4.13	9.71 ± 1.56a	39.77 ± 5.72	15.77 ± 2.90a	18.31 ± 2.30	7.31 ± 1.49a	14.57 ± 2.12	6.26 ± 1.34a	15.69 ± 2.35	7.91 ± 1.76a	8.31 ± 3.18	16.31 ± 1.49a
t		0.151	-2.899	1.133	-4.967	1.391	-3.413	1.106	-2.523	0.995	-2.65	1.547	4.010
P value		0.880	0.005	0.261	< 0.001	0.169	0.001	0.273	0.014	0.323	0.01	0.127	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.

Table 4 Comparison of medical compliance behaviors among the groups, n (%)

Group	Case	Full compliance	Part of the compliance	No compliance	Compliance
Experimental	35	25 (71.43)	7 (20.00)	3 (8.57)	32 (91.43)
Control	35	15 (42.86)	10 (28.57)	10 (28.57)	25 (71.43)
χ2					4.629
P value					0.031

Table 5 Comparison of cancer fatigue factors between groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	Emotional dimension		Cognitive dimension		Behavioral dimension		Body dimension
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	7.60 ± 1.29	2.49 ± 0.56a	6.69 ± 1.41	1.91 ± 0.45a	8.17 ± 1.15	2.17 ± 0.45a	7.51 ± 0.98	1.91 ± 0.56a
Control	35	7.31 ± 1.30	2.91 ± 0.95a	6.49 ± 1.85	2.43 ± 0.56a	8.29 ± 1.27	2.97 ± 0.82a	7.37 ± 1.24	2.43 ± 0.61a
t		0.923	-2.295	0.508	-4.264	-0.402	-5.043	0.535	-3.674
P value		0.359	0.025	0.613	< 0.001	0.689	< 0.001	0.595	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.