Effect of a combined of positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment-based mental health intervention and role model incentives

Table 1 General data comparison, mean ± SD/n (%)

Variable	Experimental group (n = 35)	Control group (n = 35)	t/χ2	P value
Mean age (years)	56.94 ± 14.01	57.14 ± 8.74	-0.072	0.943
Marital status (n)			1.726	0.631
Married	31 (88.6)	31 (88.6)
Unmarried	1 (2.8)	0 (0.0)
Widowed/divorced	3 (8.6)	4 (11.4)
Mean BMI (kg/m2)	23.84 ± 3.92	23.57 ± 2.77	0.341	0.734
Education level (n)			6.668	0.366
Junior high school or below	24 (68.6)	25 (71.4)
High school or technical secondary school	6 (17.1)	7 (20.0)
College degree or above	5 (14.3)	3 (8.6)
Tumor stage			1.188	0.815
Stage I-II	11 (31.4)	11 (31.4)
Stage III	14 (40.0)	16 (45.7)
Stage IV	10 (28.6)	8 (22.9)

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of mental states between the groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	HAMA		GSES		SDS
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	26.44 ± 3.42	10.53 ± 1.84a	28.75 ± 4.12	36.58 ± 6.22a	55.63 ± 3.09	33.21 ± 2.34a
Control	35	26.39 ± 3.30	11.61 ± 2.13a	28.48 ± 4.22	33.25 ± 4.78a	54.90 ± 5.89	40.65 ± 4.12
t		0.062	2.270	0.271	2.511	0.221	3.214
P value		0.951	0.026	0.787	0.014	0.879	0.009

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.

HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; GSES: General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale.

Table 3 Comparison of mood states between the groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	Tension-anxiety		Depression-depression		Anger-hostility		Fatigue-inertia		Confusion-bewilderment		Vigor-activity
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	21.04 ± 3.89	8.14 ± 1.82a	40.25 ± 4.84	13.52 ± 2.47a	19.02 ± 2.87	6.15 ± 1.52a	15.05 ± 2.08	5.24 ± 1.28a	16.38 ± 2.15	6.89 ± 1.34a	9.08 ± 3.14	17.52 ± 1.68a
Control	35	20.96 ± 3.94	9.69 ± 1.95a	39.81 ± 4.96	15.12 ± 2.58a	18.73 ± 3.01	7.49 ± 1.67a	14.92 ± 2.12	6.34 ± 1.35a	16.10 ± 2.25	8.02 ± 1.49a	8.89 ± 3.20	16.24 ± 1.82a
t		0.085	3.438	0.376	2.650	0.413	3.511	0.259	3.498	0.532	3.336	0.251	3.057
P value		0.932	0.001	0.708	0.010	0.681	0.001	0.796	0.001	0.596	0.001	0.803	0.003

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.

Table 4 Comparison of medical compliance behaviors among the groups, n (%)

Group	Case	Full compliance	Part of the compliance	No compliance	Compliance
Experimental	35	25 (71.43)	7 (20.00)	3 (8.57)	32 (91.43)
Control	35	15 (42.86)	10 (28.57)	10 (28.57)	25 (71.43)
χ2					4.629
P value					0.031

Table 5 Comparison of cancer fatigue factors between groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	Emotional dimension		Cognitive dimension		Behavioral dimension		Body dimension
		Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Experimental	35	7.24 ± 1.12	2.61 ± 0.64a	6.52 ± 1.44	1.91 ± 0.44a	8.24 ± 1.51	2.12 ± 0.43a	7.44 ± 1.08	2.03 ± 0.41a
Control	35	7.22 ± 1.14	3.06 ± 0.77a	6.71 ± 1.51	2.24 ± 0.74a	8.48 ± 1.46	3.02 ± 0.65a	7.38 ± 1.24	2.44 ± 0.55a
t		0.074	2.659	0.539	2.268	0.676	6.832	0.216	3.536
P value		0.941	0.010	0.592	0.027	0.501	< 0.001	0.830	0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with the one performed prior to care in this group.