Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with multiple injuries and its relationship with anxiety and depression

Table 1 Univariate analysis of high-risk factors affecting posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with multiple injuries, n (%)

Variable	PTSD (n = 33)	Non-PTSD (n = 77)	χ2	P value
Sex			0.063	0.803
Male	18 (54.55)	40 (51.95)
Female	15 (45.45)	37 (48.05)
Age (years)			6.004	0.014
< 50	16 (48.48)	56 (72.73)
≥ 50	17 (51.52)	21 (27.27)
Personality			8.255	0.004
Extroverted	9 (27.27)	44 (57.14)
Introverted	24 (72.73)	33 (42.86)
HAMA (points)			6.692	0.010
< 14	1 (3.03)	18 (23.38)
≥ 14	32 (96.97)	59 (76.62)
HAMD (points)			12.128	< 0.001
< 20	5 (15.15)	39 (50.65)
≥ 20	28 (84.85)	38 (49.35)
Monthly income (CNY)			10.509	0.001
< 5000	30 (90.91)	46 (59.74)
≥ 5000	3 (9.09)	31 (40.26)
Negative life events			6.068	0.014
Without	14 (42.42)	52 (67.53)
With	19 (57.58)	25 (32.47)
Smoking history			5.827	0.016
Without	11 (33.33)	45 (58.44)
With	22 (66.67)	32 (41.56)
History of alcohol dependence			1.001	0.317
Without	19 (57.58)	52 (67.53)
With	14 (42.42)	25 (32.47)

PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale.

Table 2 Assignments

Variable	Variable	Assignment
Age (years)	X1	< 50 = 0, ≥ 50 = 1
Personality	X2	Extroverted = 0, introverted = 1
HAMA (points)	X3	< 14 = 0, ≥ 14 = 1
HAMD (points)	X4	< 20 = 0, ≥ 20 = 1
Monthly income (CNY)	X5	< 5000 = 0, ≥ 5000 = 1
Negative life events	X6	Without = 0, with = 1
Smoking history	X7	Without = 0, with = 1
PTSD	Y	Without = 0, with = 1

PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of high-risk factors affecting posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with multiple injuries

Variable	β	SE	Wald	P value	Exp (β)	95%CI
Age (years)	1.651	0.633	6.795	0.009	5.214	1.506-18.046
Personality	1.183	0.630	3.525	0.060	3.265	0.949-11.226
HAMA (points)	2.551	1.253	4.145	0.042	12.818	1.100-149.395
HAMD (points)	1.457	0.644	5.125	0.024	4.293	1.216-15.157
Monthly income (CNY)	-1.717	0.745	5.310	0.021	0.180	0.042-0.774
Negative life events	1.494	0.603	6.143	0.013	4.455	1.367-14.522
Monthly income (CNY)	0.760	0.548	1.924	0.165	2.138	0.731-6.257

PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale.