Anxiety and depression in patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies: Influence of disease stage and psychosocial factors

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the three groups, n (%)

Variable	Control Group 1 (n = 48)	Control Group 2 (n = 50)	Observation Group (n = 52)
Male	25 (52.1)	24 (48.0)	27 (51.9)
Female	23 (47.9)	26 (52.0)	25 (48.1)
Age (mean ± SD)	50.26 ± 15.81	50.11 ± 15.46	50.47 ± 15.72
Married	40 (83.3)	41 (82.0)	41 (78.8)
Education level
Middle school or less	18 (37.5)	19 (38.0)	18 (34.6)
High school	15 (31.3)	17 (34.0)	16 (30.8)
College or above	15 (31.3)	16 (32.0)	16 (30.8)

Table 2 Comparison of depression and anxiety incidence in three groups, n (%)

Group	Case	Anxious	Non-anxious	Depression	Non-depression
Control 1	48	30 (62.50)	18 (37.50)	32 (66.67)	16 (33.33)
Control 2	50	5 (10.00)	45 (90.00)	4 (8.00)	46 (92.00)
Observation	52	43 (82.69)	9 (17.31)	48 (92.31)	4 (7.69)
χ2					6.148
P value					< 0.05

Table 3 Comparison of self-assessment scales of depression and anxiety in three group (mean ± SD)

Group	Control Group 1	Control Group 2	Observation	F value	P value
SAS	27.48 ± 5.01	34.74 ± 4.73	56.82 ± 2.18a	649.5	< 0.05
SDS	27.73 ± 4.95	38.06 ± 9.61	60.05 ± 4.83a	751.8	< 0.05

^aP < 0.05 vs Control Group 1 and Control Group 2.

SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; SDS: Self-Rating Depression Scale.

Table 4 Comparison of the scores of two groups of life event scales (mean ± SD)

Group	Case	Negative events	Nasty incident	Neutral event	Life events
Control 1	48	4.13 ± 0.48	1.15 ± 0.07	1.28 ± 0.36	1.47 ± 0.16
Observation	52	5.86 ± 0.54a	2.09 ± 0.14a	1.84 ± 0.21a	1.95 ± 0.37a
χ2					8.036
P value					< 0.05

^aP < 0.05 vs Control Group 1.

Table 5 Comparison of influencing factors between the two groups, n (%)

Factor	Control Group 1 (n = 48)	Observation (n = 52)
Staging	24 (50.00)	35 (67.31)a
Side effects of treatment	30 (62.50)	41 (78.85)a
Lack of social support	21 (43.75)	27(51.92)a
Financial burden	30 (62.50)	38 (73.08)a
Insufficient knowledge of the disease	10 (20.83)	18 (34.62)a
Pain	20 (41.67)	39 (75.00)a
Lack of self-care ability	15 (31.25)	33 (63.46)a
Work was affected	26 (54.17)	34 (65.38)a
The disease robs them of their self-esteem	20 (41.67)	40 (68.97)a
Lives are at risk	36 (75.00)	45 (86.54)a

^aP < 0.05 vs Control Group 1.