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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2022; 12(3): 470-482
Published online Mar 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.470
Published online Mar 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.470
Total patients (n = 105) | Early-onset (n = 63) | Late-onset (n = 42) | P value | |
Gender (n, %)1 | ||||
Male | 49 (46.67) | 26 (41.27) | 23 (54.76) | |
Female | 56 (53.34) | 37 (58.73) | 19 (45.24) | 0.231 |
Marital status (n, %)2 | ||||
Married | 63 (60.0) | 33 (52.38) | 30 (71.43) | 0.067 |
Single (unmarried/divorced/widowed) | 42 (40.0) | 30 (47.62) | 12 (28.57) | |
Education (n, %)2 | ||||
Primary school and below | 26 (24.76) | 12 (19.05) | 14 (33.33) | 0.073 |
Secondary school | 44 (41.90) | 25 (39.68) | 19 (45.24) | |
College and above | 35 (33.33) | 26 (41.27) | 9 (21.43) | |
Career change due to illness (n, %)2 | 0.955 | |||
No change | 69 (65.71) | 41 (65.08) | 28 (66.67) | |
Leave of absence | 24 (22.86) | 15 (23.81) | 9 (21.43) | |
Transfer/unemployment | 12 (11.43) | 7 (11.11) | 5 (11.90) | |
BMI (kg/m2)3 | 21.71 (5.77) | 20.51 (4.21) | 24.36 (4.53) | < 0.001c |
Disease duration (mo)3 | 5.00(12.21) | 7.00(13.34) | 4.00(8.50) | 0.016a |
MGFA classification at evaluating (n, %)1 | ||||
Ⅰ | 28 (26.67) | 21 (33.33) | 7 (16.67) | |
Ⅱ | 40 (38.10) | 22 (34.92) | 18 (42.86) | |
Ⅲ | 31 (29.52) | 16 (25.40) | 15 (35.71) | |
Ⅳ | 6 (5.71) | 4 (6.35) | 2 (4.76) | 0.255 |
Thymectomy (n, %)2 | 44 (41.90) | 28 (44.44) | 16 (38.10) | 0.551 |
Comorbidities (n, %)2 | 49 (46.67) | 32 (50.79) | 17 (40.48) | 0.299 |
Inducing factor (n, %)1 | ||||
Respiratory infection | 12 (11.43) | 6 (9.52) | 6 (14.29) | |
Overfatigue | 3 (2.86) | 1 (1.59) | 2 (4.76) | |
No triggers | 90 (85.71) | 56 (88.89) | 34 (80.95) | 0.470 |
Clinical features | ||||
Onset symptom | ||||
Blepharoptosis (n, %)2 | 97 (92.38) | 59 (93.65) | 38 (90.48) | 0.711 |
Dysphagia (n, %)2 | 50 (47.62) | 29 (46.03) | 21 (50.00) | 0.842 |
Limb muscle weakness (n, %)2 | 55 (52.38) | 31 (49.21) | 24 (57.14) | 0.550 |
Dyspnea (n, %)2 | 15 (14.29) | 5 (7.94) | 10 (23.81) | 0.043a |
Serum antibody (nmol/L) 3 | ||||
Anti-AChR Ab | 9.54 (25.98) | 3.11 (17.98) | 17.51 (27.45) | 0.002b |
Anti-MuSK Ab | 0 (1.13) | 0.31 (2.17) | 0 (0) | 0.098 |
Seronegative (n, %)2 | 16 (15.24) | 11 (17.46) | 5 (11.90) | 0.582 |
Immunotherapy at evaluating | ||||
Glucocorticoids (n, %)2 | 76 (72.38) | 49 (77.78) | 27 (64.29) | 0.181 |
Azathioprine (n, %)2 | 31 (29.52) | 19 (30.16) | 12 (28.57) | 0.861 |
Tacrolimus (n, %)2 | 8 (7.62) | 3 (4.76) | 5 (11.90) | 0.262 |
Leflunomide (n, %)2 | 22 (20.95) | 13 (20.63) | 9 (21.43) | 0.922 |
No immunotherapy (n, %)2 | 53 (50.48) | 32 (50.79) | 21 (50.00) | 0.936 |
Neuropsychological scales | ||||
MGC3 | 6.00 (6.50) | 6.00 (6.00) | 7.00 (7.00) | 0.103 |
ADL3 | 3.00 (3.00) | 3.00 (4.00) | 3.00 (2.00) | 0.960 |
QOL-153 | 14.00 (15.00) | 12.00 (13.50) | 16.00 (20.00) | 0.027a |
HAM-A3 | 6.00 (7.00) | 5.00 (5.50) | 8.50 (7.50) | < 0.001c |
HAM-D3 | 8.00 (7.00) | 7.00 (8.00) | 10.50 (7.75) | 0.018a |
Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
Anxiety | ||||
Gender | 0.96 (0.45-2.07) | 0.917 | 0.65 (0.25-1.68) | 0.372 |
Age at onset | 1.04 (1.02-1.07) | 0.002b | 1.02 (0.99-1.05) | 0.305 |
Disease duration | 0.93 (0.88-0.98) | 0.070 | 0.97 (0.90-1.04) | 0.414 |
BMI | 1.10 (0.99-1.23) | 0.075 | 1.05 (0.92-1.21) | 0.485 |
Anti-AChR Ab | 1.02 (1.00-1.05) | 0.092 | 1.02 (0.99-1.05) | 0.274 |
QOL-15 | 1.10 (1.05-1.16) | < 0.001c | 1.10 (1.04-1.15) | < 0.001c |
Depression | ||||
Gender | 0.82 (0.36-1.82) | 0.636 | 0.56 (0.19-1.64) | 0.293 |
Age at onset | 1.03 (1.00-1.06) | 0.022a | 1.03 (0.99-1.06) | 0.162 |
Disease duration | 0.98 (0.93-1.03) | 0.418 | 1.06 (0.98-1.15) | 0.172 |
BMI | 1.05 (0.93-1.17) | 0.440 | 0.97 (0.83-1.13) | 0.678 |
Anti-AChR Ab | 1.10 (0.99-1.04) | 0.387 | 1.01 (0.97-1.05) | 0.582 |
QOL-15 | 1.19 (1.10-1.28) | < 0.001c | 1.20 (1.10-1.30) | < 0.001c |
- Citation: Yu L, Qiu L, Ran H, Ma Q, Lu YR, Liu WB. Studying the relationship between clinical features and mental health among late-onset myasthenia gravis patients. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12(3): 470-482
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v12/i3/470.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v12.i3.470