Analysis of risk factors for postoperative depressive disorders in patients with intrauterine adhesions

Figure 1 Forest plot of independent predictors of postoperative depression. The plot shows nine independent predictors organized by their odds ratio (OR) values, with risk factors (OR > 1) displayed with red squares and protective factors (OR < 1) with blue squares. The horizontal lines represent 95% confidence intervals, and a vertical dashed line at OR = 1 indicates the threshold between risk and protection. AFS: American Fertility Society; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 2 Clinical risk factors. From the forest plot, it can be seen that the confidence intervals of all clinical risk factors and biomarkers do not include 1, indicating that they are all independent risk factors for postoperative depression. hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 3 Forest plot of risk factors for post-operative depression. The odds ratios indicate the strength of association between each factor and post-operative depression, with values greater than 1 suggesting increased risk. The P values (all < 0.05) indicate that these associations are statistically significant. This analysis helps clinicians identify high-risk patients who might benefit from preventive interventions or closer monitoring for depression following surgery. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 4 Temporal progression of postoperative depression incidence in patients following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for intrauterine adhesions. The line graph demonstrates a progressive increase in depression incidence from 18.5% at 1 month to 28.0% at 3 months postoperatively (n = 400). The steady upward trend indicates that psychological symptoms continue to develop beyond the immediate postoperative period, with peak incidence occurring at 3 months follow-up.