Effect of preoperative transcranial direct current stimulation on postoperative delirium in elderly patients following laparoscopic surgery

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.107298

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Oct 19, 2025 (publication date) through Sep 29, 2025

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Oct 19, 2025; 15(10): 107298
Published online Oct 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.107298

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Figure 1 CONSORT flow chart. tDCS: Transcranial direct current stimulation; ICU: Intensive care unit.

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Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier curves of the cumulative incidence of postoperative delirium during postoperative days 1-3 in the active transcranial direct current stimulation and sham stimulation groups. tDCS: Transcranial direct current stimulation; HR: Hazard ratio.

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Figure 3 Proposed models that investigate mediated effects. A: Depression as a mediating effect; B: Anxiety as a mediating effect. tDCS: Transcranial direct current stimulation; POD: Postoperative delirium.

Citation: Yang X, Wei YF, Ye CH, Tian WD, Li XY, Hu YJ, Chen LP. Effect of preoperative transcranial direct current stimulation on postoperative delirium in elderly patients following laparoscopic surgery. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(10): 107298
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v15/i10/107298.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.107298