Contemporary adolescent depression: Multidimensional analysis from neurobiological, psychological, and social integrative perspectives

doi:10.5498/wjp.v16.i3.113125

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Mar 19, 2026 (publication date) through Feb 27, 2026

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2026; 16(3): 113125
Published online Mar 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i3.113125

Contemporary adolescent depression: Multidimensional analysis from neurobiological, psychological, and social integrative perspectives

Yan-Li Ma, Xue Fu, Yu Chen, Shui-Xiu Zeng

Yan-Li Ma, Xue Fu, Yu Chen, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China

Shui-Xiu Zeng, Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China

Co-corresponding authors: Yu Chen and Shui-Xiu Zeng.

Author contributions: Ma YL and Fu X conducted the systematic literature search and data extraction, drafted the initial manuscript; Chen Y and Zeng SX provided critical revisions for important intellectual content, designed and conceptualized the study as co-corresponding authors; Ma YL, Fu X, Chen Y and Zeng SX analyzed and interpreted the data; all authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript for publication.

Supported by Rising Stars of Medical Talents “Youth Development Program”, No. 2023-62; Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Research Initiation Special Project, No. sykyqd06601; Research on Health Policy of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, No. 2024HP01; Hongkou District Health Commission Medical Research Project, No. Hongwei 2401-02; and Hongkou District TCM Specialized Diseases/Clinics Construction Project, No. HKGYQYXM-2026-12.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.

Corresponding author: Shui-Xiu Zeng, MSc, Researcher, Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, No. 1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China. zengshuixiu121@163.com

Received: September 12, 2025
Revised: October 21, 2025
Accepted: December 29, 2025
Published online: March 19, 2026
Processing time: 168 Days and 0.2 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This review applies a bio-psycho-social model to comprehensively examine adolescent depression, integrating neurobiological, psychological, and social perspectives. It synthesizes recent evidence on neural circuit dysfunction, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, cognitive biases, maladaptive emotion regulation, perfectionism, attachment patterns, and environmental risk factors such as social media use and family dysfunction. The article emphasizes the interplay among these domains and highlights the need for personalized, multidimensional prevention and intervention strategies to improve outcomes for adolescents with depression.