Takim U, Gokcay H, Sağlam T. Evaluation of sleep quality in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and major depression during remission period. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(12): 112601 [PMID: 41357933 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.112601]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Uğur Takim, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Erzurum City Hospital, Cat Yolu Avenue 36, Erzurum 25044, Türkiye. ugurtakim@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Psychiatry
Article-Type of This Article
Observational Study
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Dec 19, 2025 (publication date) through Dec 12, 2025
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Publication Name
World Journal of Psychiatry
ISSN
2220-3206
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Takim U, Gokcay H, Sağlam T. Evaluation of sleep quality in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and major depression during remission period. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15(12): 112601 [PMID: 41357933 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.112601]
World J Psychiatry. Dec 19, 2025; 15(12): 112601 Published online Dec 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.112601
Evaluation of sleep quality in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and major depression during remission period
Uğur Takim, Hasan Gokcay, Tarik Sağlam
Uğur Takim, Tarik Sağlam, Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum 25044, Türkiye
Hasan Gokcay, Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Sarkisla State Hospital, Sivas 58400, Türkiye
Author contributions: Takim U and Gokcay H made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; Takim U, Gokcay H, and Sağlam T made substantial contributions to the acquisition, analysis, statistical analysis, interpretation of data, give their final approval of the version to be published, agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved; Takim U and Sağlam T drafting the work and revising it critically for important intellectual content.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences, Erzurum City Hospital (Approval No. 2024/09-176).
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained from the patients who agreed to take part in the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Uğur Takim, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Erzurum City Hospital, Cat Yolu Avenue 36, Erzurum 25044, Türkiye. ugurtakim@gmail.com
Received: August 1, 2025 Revised: September 5, 2025 Accepted: September 22, 2025 Published online: December 19, 2025 Processing time: 119 Days and 2.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Although remission is often equated with clinical recovery in mood disorders, growing evidence highlights the persistence of subthreshold symptoms, particularly those related to sleep and psychosocial functioning. This study investigates sleep quality, insomnia severity, and functional outcomes in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls. The findings demonstrate that even during remission, both bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder patients exhibit significantly poorer sleep quality and reduced functioning. Notably, insomnia severity was the most robust predictor of impaired sleep, while higher psychosocial functioning correlated with better sleep outcomes. These results underscore the need for clinicians to adopt a dimensional approach to remission, incorporating residual symptoms such as sleep disturbances and functional impairment into long-term treatment planning.
