Copyright
©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2025; 15(11): 106953
Published online Nov 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.106953
Published online Nov 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i11.106953
Illness uncertainty, anxiety, and depression in primary glaucoma and associated influencing factors
Zhi-Feng Ren, Jian-Lan Li, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Province Fenyang Hospital, Fenyang 032200, Shanxi Province, China
Author contributions: Ren ZF designed the research, wrote the first manuscript, and conducted the analysis and provided guidance for the research; Ren ZF and Li JL contributed to conceiving the research and analyzing data. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Shanxi Province Fenyang Hospital.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zhi-Feng Ren, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Ophthal
Received: June 10, 2025
Revised: July 16, 2025
Accepted: August 22, 2025
Published online: November 19, 2025
Processing time: 146 Days and 19.2 Hours
Revised: July 16, 2025
Accepted: August 22, 2025
Published online: November 19, 2025
Processing time: 146 Days and 19.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Patients with primary glaucoma experience moderate levels of illness uncertainty, overall minimal anxiety, yet mild-level depression. Specifically, the anxiety and depression risks were 15.00% and 24.17%, respectively. A significant positive correlation exists between illness uncertainty and both anxiety and depression in patients with primary glaucoma. Additionally, patients with insomnia or lower monthly household income were at a higher risk of developing anxiety and depression.