Construction of a mental health literacy evaluation index system for adolescents with mental disorders

doi:10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.112756

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Jan 19, 2026; 16(1): 112756
Published online Jan 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.112756

Construction of a mental health literacy evaluation index system for adolescents with mental disorders

Ying-Qiong Ge, Xiao-Shuang Ouyang, Zheng-Min Zhu, Bi-Can Tan, Xiao-Jian Jiang

Ying-Qiong Ge, Xiao-Shuang Ouyang, Zheng-Min Zhu, Bi-Can Tan, Xiao-Jian Jiang, College of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China

Co-first authors: Ying-Qiong Ge and Xiao-Shuang Ouyang.

Author contributions: Ge YQ and Ouyang XS were responsible for conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, software, visualization, writing original draft, writing review and editing as the co-first authors of the paper; Zhu ZM was responsible for methodology, supervision, writing review and editing; Tan BC was responsible for supervision, validation, writing review and editing; Jian XJ was responsible for conceptualization, funding acquisition, resources, supervision, validation, writing review and editing; all of the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.

Supported by Inter Disciplinary Direction Cultivation Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2025JC0103; 2025 Hunan Province Science and Technology Innovation Plan Project, No. 2025RC9012; 2022 "Unveiling and Leading" Project of Discipline Construction at Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 22JBZ044; Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation, No. kq2402174; and Hunan Provincial Science Popularization Fund Project, No. 2025ZK4223.

Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Hunan Brain Hospital (No. 2021K056) and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Informed consent statement: All participants and main guardians provided written informed consent after they were informed of the purpose of the study.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement – checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement – checklist of items.

Data sharing statement: The data cannot be disclosed due to the particularity of the survey population. The data can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Xiao-Jian Jiang, MD, Director, College of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Hanpu Science and Education Park, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China. yzjxj726@163.com

Received: August 5, 2025
Revised: September 30, 2025
Accepted: November 5, 2025
Published online: January 19, 2026
Processing time: 147 Days and 21.2 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Timely and accurate evaluation of mental disorders in adolescents using appropriate mental health literacy assessment tools is essential for improving their mental health literacy levels.

AIM

To develop an evaluation index system for the mental health literacy of adolescent patients with mental disorders, providing a scientific, comprehensive, and reliable tool for the monitoring and intervention of mental health literacy of such patients.

METHODS

From December 2022 to June 2023, the evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders was developed through literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, expert letter consultations, and the analytic hierarchy process. Based on this index system, a self-assessment questionnaire was compiled and administered to 305 adolescents with mental disorders to test the reliability and validity of the index system.

RESULTS

The final evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders included 4 first-level indicators, 10 second-level indicators, and 52 third-level indicators. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the index system was 0.957, with a partial reliability of 0.826 and a content validity index of 0.975. The cumulative variance contribution rate of 10 common factors was 66.491%. The correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total questionnaire ranged from 0.672 to 0.724, while the correlation coefficients in each dimension ranged from 0.389 to 0.705.

CONCLUSION

The evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders, developed in this study, demonstrated notable reliability and validity, making it a valuable tool for evaluating mental health literacy in this population.

Keywords: Adolescents; Mental disorders; Mental health literacy; Evaluation index system; Delphi method

Core Tip: The evaluation index system for mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders, developed in this study, mainly included 4 first-level indicators, 10 second-level indicators, and 52 third-level indicators, such as basic knowledge concept, mental health attitude, mental health behavior, and mental health skills. The system was designed to evaluate the mental health literacy of adolescents with mental disorders from a multidimensional perspective.