Economic abuse as a female battering form: A cross-sectional study among physicians and nurses

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.111334

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Dec 19, 2025 (publication date) through Dec 9, 2025

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Dec 19, 2025; 15(12): 111334
Published online Dec 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.111334

Economic abuse as a female battering form: A cross-sectional study among physicians and nurses

Elif Sarac, Deniz Odabas

Elif Sarac, General Directorate of Management Services/Private Nursing Care Center for the Elderly, Ministry of National Defense, Ankara 06000, Türkiye

Deniz Odabas, Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara 06000, Türkiye

Author contributions: Sarac E and Odabas D contributed to the conception, design of the study, data curation, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, and software; Both authors drafted the article, revised it critically, and approved the final version to be submitted.

Institutional review board statement: The study protocol was approved by Ankara university's ethics committee (date 4.2.25, approval number: 2024/428) and the hospital where the study was conducted. Additionally, Kaba and Ozturk[20] granted permission to use their questionnaires for this study.

Informed consent statement: Written consent was obtained from the participants in the study.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclosure.

STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.

Data sharing statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due the confidentiality of the data used, the sensitive nature of the questions asked in the research, and the assurance given to the participants that the raw data would remain confidential and would not be shared but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Elif Sarac, PhD, General Directorate of Management Services/Private Nursing Care Center for the Elderly, Ministry of National Defense, Bilkent, Ankara 06000, Türkiye. sarac.elf@gmail.com

Received: July 2, 2025
Revised: July 10, 2025
Accepted: September 19, 2025
Published online: December 19, 2025
Processing time: 153 Days and 1.5 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Economic violence is a type of domestic violence in which an intimate partner attempts to oppress, restrict, or direct a female by exercising control over her financial resources.

AIM

To explore the impact of economic abuse on individual work performance and clarify the effective factors on financial exploitation among physicians and nurses.

METHODS

The study has a cross-sectional design, and 305 married, female physicians and nurses working in a university hospital were included. Data was collected with demographic characteristics forms, “Revised Scale of Economic Abuse” and “Individual Work Performance Questionnaire”. Pearson correlation, comparative analyses, and internal consistency reliability tests were used.

RESULTS

The average age was 39.04 ± 9.41. Among the respondents 69.2% were nurses and 63.9% held a bachelor’s degree. The mean score for the Revised Scale of Economic Abuse was 2.80 ± 4.73 while it was 3.86 ± 0.60 for the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire.

CONCLUSION

Our study revealed no relationship between economic abuse and individual work performance, confirming that nurses are exposed to more economic abuse and exploitation than physicians and exhibit higher work performance.

Keywords: Married; Female; Physician; Nurse; Economic exploitation; Restriction; Work performance

Core Tip: Economic abuse is abusive behaviors in the form of controlling access to money, limiting financial independence, or sabotaging employment opportunities. It is a very serious issue because it undermines a female’s autonomy, making it difficult for her to leave abusive relationships or achieve financial independence. Addressing economic abuse is crucial for empowering females and fostering gender equality.