Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Mar 19, 2024; 14(3): 388-397
Published online Mar 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.388
Analysis of risk factors of suicidal ideation in adolescent patients with depression and construction of prediction model
Jun-Chao Zhou, Yan Cao, Xu-Yuan Xu, Zhen-Ping Xian
Jun-Chao Zhou, Yan Cao, Xu-Yuan Xu, Zhen-Ping Xian, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
Author contributions: Zhou JC designed and performed the study and wrote the paper; Xian ZP designed the study and supervised the report; Cao Y and Xu XY organized the data and provided clinical advice. All authors were involved in the critical review of the results and contributed to, read, and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang (Approval No. KY-20230926001-01).
Informed consent statement: The Ethics Committee granted an exemption from obtaining informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: Data used in this study can be obtained from the corresponding author.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zhen-Ping Xian, MBBS, Chief Physician, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182 Tongguan North Road, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China. 18994506108@163.com
Received: December 12, 2023
Peer-review started: December 12, 2023
First decision: January 2, 2024
Revised: January 12, 2023
Accepted: February 27, 2024
Article in press: February 27, 2024
Published online: March 19, 2024
Processing time: 98 Days and 2.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Major depressive disorder is a common mental illness among adolescents and is the largest disease burden in this age group. Most adolescent patients with depression have suicidal ideation (SI); however, few studies have focused on the factors related to SI, and effective predictive models are lacking.

AIM

To construct a risk prediction model for SI in adolescent depression and provide a reference assessment tool for prevention.

METHODS

The data of 150 adolescent patients with depression at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether or not they had SI, they were divided into a SI group (n = 91) and a non-SI group (n = 59). The general data and laboratory indices of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression, a nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the analysis results, and internal evaluation was performed. Receiver operating characteristic and calibration curves were used to evaluate the model’s efficacy, and the clinical application value was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA).

RESULTS

There were differences in trauma history, triggers, serum ferritin levels (SF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that trauma history, predisposing factors, SF, hs-CRP, and HDL-C were factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression. The area under the curve of the nomogram prediction model was 0.831 (95%CI: 0.763–0.899), sensitivity was 0.912, and specificity was 0.678. The higher net benefit of the DCA and the average absolute error of the calibration curve were 0.043, indicating that the model had a good fit.

CONCLUSION

The nomogram prediction model based on trauma history, triggers, ferritin, serum hs-CRP, and HDL-C levels can effectively predict the risk of SI in adolescent patients with depression.

Keywords: Adolescents; Depression; Suicidal ideation; Risk factors; Prediction model; Ferritin

Core Tip: Depression is one of the most serious mental health diseases affecting adolescents. Most adolescents with depression exhibit strong suicidal ideation (SI). This study retrospectively analyzed data from 150 adolescents with depression. According to whether they had SI, they were divided into SI and non-SI groups. Based on previous studies combined with laboratory indicators, the risk factors for SI in adolescent patients with depression were evaluated, and a nomogram model for predicting SI in such patients was developed. The results of this study demonstrate that the model has good prediction accuracy.