Intra-arterial catheters: An evidence-based review of device design, function and application

Abstract

The intra-arterial catheter is a fundamental tool in contemporary critical care medicine. Intra-arterial catheters are widely used for a range of diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, and catheter insertion is an important clinical skill for clinicians managing critically unwell patients. The concepts and practical implications of catheter design on procedural technique and outcomes are frequently overlooked. This narrative review describes the clinical application of arterial catheters, the evidence supporting their use, and the rationale for key device characteristics.

Keywords: Arterial line; Intensive care; Invasive monitoring; Arterial blood gas

Core Tip: Given the variety of available catheter products, operator expertise, patient circumstances and healthcare settings, there is insufficient evidence to identify the best devices and catheterization techniques. Intra-arterial catheter insertion and utilization practices must be individualized.