Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression in initial gastric tumors predicts multiple cancer development: A pilot study

doi:10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113612

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Clin Oncol. Jan 24, 2026; 17(1): 113612
Published online Jan 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113612

Table 1 Characteristics of 39 patients with multiple gastric cancer, mean ± SD/median (interquartile range)

Category
Gender (male/female)	31/8
Age	76.4 ± 7.503
Number (2/3/4/5)	28/7/1/3
Synchronous/metachronous	28/11
Interval (month)
Synchronous	1.9 (0-10)
Metachronous	30 (14-95)
Treatment (ESD/surgery)	26/1
Atrophic gastritis (non/closed/open), n = 37	1/4/32
H. pylori eradication	41.7% (15/36)
Blood anti-H. pylori antibody	32.5% (12/37)
KK-LC-1 expression (more than 1 lesion)	94.9% (37/39)

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; KK-LC-1: Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1.

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Table 2 Details of two cases in which both lesions were negative for Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression

	Lesion	Age	Gender	Interval	H. pylori infection	GA	Histological finding	T	Location	Size (mm)	Treatment
No. 10	1^st	81	Male	0	Negative	O-3	por2, tub2	3	Upper	55	Surgery
No. 10	2^nd	81	Male	0	Negative	O-3	tub1	1a	Middle	20	ESD
No. 25	1^st	73	Male	16	Negative	None	tub2	1b1	Upper	10	ESD
No. 25	2^nd	73	Male	16	Negative	None	tub2, tub1	1b1	Middle	11	ESD

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; GA: Gastric atrophy; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Table 3 Correlation of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression and clinicopathological factors in initial gastric cancer, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

	KK-LC-1 expression
	Positive	Negative	P value
Sex			0.341
Male	54 (67.5)	26 (43.3)
Female	23 (79.3)	6 (20.7)
Age	77 (70.0-81.0)	74 (59.8-79.5)	0.078
Depth of invasion			0.110
T1	61 (74.4)	21 (25.6)
T2-T4	16 (59.3)	11 (40.7)
Histological type			0.035
Differentiated	60 (76.9)	18 (23.1)
Undifferentiated	17 (54.8)	14 (45.2)
Tumor diameter			1
≤ 20 mm	38 (70.4)	16 (29.6)
> 20 mm	39 (70.9)	16 (29.1)
Lymph node metastasis			0.073
Positive	12 (54.5)	10 (45.5)
Negative	65 (74.7)	22 (25.3)
Lymphatic invasion			0.371
Positive	23 (63.9)	13 (36.1)
Negative	54 (74.0)	19 (26.0)
Venous invasion			0.254
Positive	20 (62.5)	12 (37.5)
Negative	57 (74.0)	20 (26.0)
Pathological stage			0.150
I	61 (74.4)	21 (25.6)
II, III, IV	16 (59.3)	11 (40.7)
Treatment			0.091
Endoscopic	46 (78.0)	13 (22.0)
Surgery	31 (62.0)	19 (38.0)
Atrophic gastritis (n = 106)			0.355
Yes	72 (72.0)	28 (28.0)
No	3 (50.0)	3 (50.0)
Anti-H. pylori antibody titer (n = 101)			0.279
Positive	27 (64.3)	15 (35.7)
Negative	44 (74.6)	15 (25.4)
H. pylori eradication (n = 99)			0.027
Yes (n = 40)	33 (82.5)	7 (17.5)
No (n = 59)	36 (61.0)	23 (39.0)
Multiple cancers			0.016
Multiple	24 (88.9)	3 (11.1)
Single	53 (64.6)	29 (35.4)
Location			0.800
Upper	17 (73.9)	6 (26.1)
Middle and lower	60 (69.8)	26 (30.2)

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; KK-LC-1: Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1.

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Table 4 Correlation between Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression and clinical pathological factors in initial gastric cancer in the middle and lower region, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

	KK-LC-1 expression
	Positive	Negative	P value
Sex			0.322
Male	39 (66.1)	20 (33.9)
Female	21 (77.8)	6 (22.2)
Age	77.0 (70.0-81.0)	71.5 (58.3-77.8)	0.020
Depth of invasion			0.192
T1	46 (74.2)	16 (25.8)
T2-T4	14 (58.3)	10 (41.7)
Histological type			0.022
Differentiated	46 (80.0)	13(22.0)
Undifferentiated	14 (51.9)	13 (48.1)
Tumor diameter			0.816
≤ 20 mm	30 (68.2)	14 (31.8)
> 20 mm	30 (71.4)	12 (28.6)
Lymph node metastasis			0.158
Positive	10 (55.6)	8 (44.4)
Negative	50 (73.5)	18 (26.5)
Lymphatic invasion			0.614
Positive	17 (65.4)	9 (34.6)
Negative	43 (71.7)	17 (28.3)
Venous invasion			0.453
Positive	16 (64.0)	9 (36.0)
Negative	44 (72.1)	17 (27.9)
Pathological stage			0.417
I	47 (72.3)	18 (27.7)
II, III, IV	13 (61.9)	8 (38.1)
Treatment			0.097
Endoscopic	38 (77.6)	11 (22.4)
Surgery	22 (59.5)	15 (40.5)
Atrophic gastritis (n = 84)			0.579
Yes	57 (71.3)	23 (28.8)
No	2 (50.0)	2 (50.0)
Anti-H. pylori antibody titer (n = 79)			0.214
Positive	20 (60.6)	13 (39.4)
Negative	35 (76.1)	11 (23.9)
H. pylori eradication (n = 78)			0.142
Yes	26 (78.8)	7 (21.2)
No	28 (62.2)	17 (37.8)
Multiple cancers			0.002
Multiple	16 (100)	0 (0)
Single	44 (62.9)	26 (37.1)

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; KK-LC-1: Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1.

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Citation: Futawatari N, Fukuyama T, Akimoto Y, Maehara J, Hihara D, Okamoto Y, Yokouchi Y, Takahashi K, Watanabe M, Saida Y. Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression in initial gastric tumors predicts multiple cancer development: A pilot study. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(1): 113612
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v17/i1/113612.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113612