TM9SF1 promotes bladder cancer cell growth and infiltration

Figure 1 Relative expression of TM9SF1 in bladder cancer cells transfected with TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector and empty vector. A-C: Relative expression of TM9SF1 in 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) bladder cancer cells transfected with TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector and empty vector. ^aP < 0.05. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 2 Effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on proliferation of bladder cancer cells. A-C: Promoting effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on proliferation of 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h by CCK8 assay. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 3 Effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on migration of bladder cancer cells by scratch assay (50 ×). A-C: Scratches under a microscope and wound-healing rate of transfected 5637 (A) and T24 (B) cells at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and UM-UC-3 cells (C) at 0 h, 48 h, and 96 h by wound-healing assay. ^bP < 0.01. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 4 Effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on cell migration by transwell cell migration assay (100 ×). A-C: After 24 h for cell culture, the number of migrating 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells in the TM9SF1 overexpression groups was more than that of the empty vector groups. ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 5 Effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on invasion of bladder cancer cells by transwell invasion assay (100 ×). A-C: After 24 h for cell culture, the number of invasive 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells in the overexpression groups was significantly more than that of the empty vector groups. ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 6 Effect of overexpression of TM9SF1 on bladder cancer cell cycle progression. A-C: Cell cycle results in (A) 5637, (B) T24, and (C) UM-UC-3 cells. ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. OE: TM9SF1-overexpressing lentiviral vector.

Figure 7 Relative expression of TM9SF1 in bladder cancer cells transfected with TM9SF1-silencing lentiviral vector and empty vector. A-C: Relative expression of TM9SF1 in 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) bladder cancer cells transfected with TM9SF1-silencing lentiviral vector and empty vector. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.

Figure 8 Effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on proliferation of bladder cancer cells. A-C: Inhibiting effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on proliferation of 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h by CCK8 assay. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.

Figure 9 Effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on migration of bladder cancer cells by scratch assay (50 ×). A-C: Scratches under a microscope and wound-healing rate of 5637 (A) and T24 (B) at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h by wound-healing assay. ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.

Figure 10  Effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on cell migration by transwell cell migration assay (100 ×). A-C: After 24 h for cell culture, the number of migrating 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells in the TM9SF1 knockdown (short hairpin TM9SF1) groups was less than that of the control (short hairpin vector) groups. ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.

Figure 11  Effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on invasion of bladder cancer cells by transwell invasion assay (100 ×). A-C: After 24 h for cell culture, the number of invasive 5637 (A), T24 (B), and UM-UC-3 (C) cells in the TM9SF1 knockdown (short hairpin TM9SF1) groups was significantly lower than that of the control (short hairpin vector) groups. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.

Figure 12  Effect of TM9SF1 knockdown on bladder cancer cell cycle progression. A-C: Cell cycle results of TM9SF1 knockdown (short hairpin TM9SF1) and control (short hairpin vector) groups in (A) 5637, (B) T24, and (C) UMUC-3 cells. ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001. shVector: Short hairpin vector; shTM9SF1: Short hairpin TM9SF1.