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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Single-nucleotide variants in microRNAs associated with breast cancer in women from western Mexico
Marcelo Victorio-De Los Santos, Andrés A Rodríguez-López, Jorge Gutiérrez-Franco, Amelia Rodríguez-Trejo, Zulia F Nieves-López, Rafael Torres-Valadez, Eloy A Zepeda-Carrillo, Marco F Flores-Reyes, Miriam F Ayón-Pérez, Alejandro Vázquez-Reyes
Marcelo Victorio-De Los Santos, Andrés A Rodríguez-López, Jorge Gutiérrez-Franco, Miriam F Ayón-Pérez, Alejandro Vázquez-Reyes, Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico
Amelia Rodríguez-Trejo, Centro Estatal de Cancerología de Nayarit, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social-Bienestar, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico
Zulia F Nieves-López, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología. Laboratorio de Investigación en Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63173, Nayarit, Mexico
Rafael Torres-Valadez, Eloy A Zepeda-Carrillo, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Unidad Especializada en Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Medicina Genómica, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63173, Nayarit, Mexico
Rafael Torres-Valadez, Unidad Académica de Salud Integral, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico
Eloy A Zepeda-Carrillo, Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social-Bienestar “Dr Antonio González Guevara”, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico
Marco F Flores-Reyes, Unidad Académica de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico
Co-corresponding authors: Miriam F Ayón-Pérez and Alejandro Vázquez-Reyes.
Author contributions: Victorio-De Los Santos M contributed to the conception and design of the study and analysis and interpretation of the data, and reviewed, edited and approved the final version of the manuscript; Rodríguez-López AA performed the genotyping analysis and carried out the data; Gutiérrez-Franco J and Flores-Reyes MF recruited control subjects and assisted with the data analysis; Ayón-Pérez MF and Vázquez-Reyes A designed and supervised the study, acquired funding, and performed data analysis; Rodríguez-Trejo A was responsible for patient recruitment; Nieves-López ZF, Torres-Valadez R, and Zepeda-Carrillo EA participated in the data analysis and interpretation of results; Ayón-Pérez MF and Vázquez-Reyes A contributed equally to this article, they are the co-corresponding authors of this manuscript; and all authors reviewed the relevant literature, contributed to writing and editing of the manuscript, and approved the final version.
Supported by Patronage of the Autonomous University of Nayarit, Quality Postgraduate Program with resources from the 15% Special Tax allocated to the UAN 2022.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Nayarit State Cancer Center, approval No. 010-CI-CECN-2021.
Informed consent statement: All study participants provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: Dataset available from the corresponding author at
avazquez@uan.edu.mx.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Alejandro Vázquez-Reyes, PhD, Professor, Laboratorios de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo S/N, Tepic 63000, Nayarit, Mexico.
avazquez@uan.edu.mx
Received: July 25, 2025
Revised: September 4, 2025
Accepted: October 30, 2025
Published online: November 24, 2025
Processing time: 120 Days and 4.1 Hours
BACKGROUND
MicroRNAs play a key role in regulating gene expression in human cells. Single-nucleotide variants in these molecules have been linked to cancer development, particularly breast cancer (BrC).
AIM
To analyze the association of three microRNA polymorphisms with the risk of BrC in women from western Mexico.
METHODS
This case-control study included 71 women diagnosed with BrC and 215 women without BrC. Genotypes were determined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction allelic discrimination assay. Multiple genetic models - dominant, recessive, over-dominant, additive, and multiple comparison - were applied to assess the risk.
RESULTS
The over-dominant model showed that the C/T genotype of MIR196A2 (rs11614913) is a protective factor against the ductal histological subtype of BrC in women from western Mexico [odds ratio (OR) = 0.4687, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2205-0.9963, P = 0.0489]. A protective effect was also observed for the C/A genotype (OR = 0.2612, 95%CI: 0.0900-0.7582, P = 0.0135) and A allele (OR = 0.2826, 95%CI: 0.0993-0.8044, P = 0.0179) of MIR618 (rs2682818). No significant association was found between MIR200C (rs73262897) and BrC risk.
CONCLUSION
The C/T genotype of rs11614913 in MIR196A2, and C/A genotype and A allele of rs2682818 in MIR618, are associated with a protective effect against BrC in women from western Mexico.
Core Tip: Breast cancer (BrC) is a complex disease influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Among the latter, acquired or inherited single-nucleotide variants can increase the risk of developing BrC by up to 50%. single-nucleotide variants in microRNAs may alter their function or biogenesis, potentially contributing to oncogenesis. This study aimed to analyze the association of rs11614913 in MIR196A2, rs2682818 in MIR618, and rs73262897 in the regulatory region of MIR200C with the risk of developing BrC in women from western Mexico. The variants rs11614913 and rs2682818 showed a protective effect against BrC in this population.
