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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Dec 5, 2025; 16(4): 110827
Published online Dec 5, 2025. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.110827
Published online Dec 5, 2025. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.110827
Quick glance at 'metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease' therapeutics: Targets, trials, and trends
George S Zacharia, Muhammad H Ashraf, Franklin Sosa, Department of Internal Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, United States
George S Zacharia, Department of Gastroenterology, Ahalia Hospital, Mussafah 2419, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Anu Jacob, Department of Anaesthesiology, Ahalia Hospital, Mussafah 2419, Abū Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Harish Patel, Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, United States
Co-first authors: George S Zacharia and Muhammad H Ashraf.
Author contributions: Patel H and Sosa F contributed to conceptualization; Zacharia GS, Ashraf MH, Jacob A, Patel H, and Sosa F contributed to methodology; Zacharia GS, Ashraf MH, and Jacob A contributed to literature search; Zacharia GS and Ashraf MH contributed to drafting the initial manuscript; Jacob A, Sosa F, and Patel H contributed to critical review of the manuscript; Zacharia GS contributed to manuscript revision; Jacob A and Zacharia GS contributed to visualization; Sosa F contributed to proofreading; Sosa F and Zacharia GS contributed to final review and verification of references; Zacharia GS contributed to final revision; Zacharia GS, Ashraf MH, Jacob A, Patel H, and Sosa F contributed to responsible for the contents of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: George S Zacharia, MD, DM, Academic Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10457, United States. george.lenx@yahoo.com
Received: June 17, 2025
Revised: June 24, 2025
Accepted: September 24, 2025
Published online: December 5, 2025
Processing time: 172 Days and 8.1 Hours
Revised: June 24, 2025
Accepted: September 24, 2025
Published online: December 5, 2025
Processing time: 172 Days and 8.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), have emerged as leading causes of chronic liver disease globally, paralleling the rise in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. These conditions significantly increase the risk of cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carci