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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Dec 22, 2025; 16(4): 111432
Published online Dec 22, 2025. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.111432
Published online Dec 22, 2025. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.111432
Update on the pathogenesis and clinical management of Helicobacter pylori gastric infection and associated diseases
Juan Marcos Caram Costa, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Aguiar, Marina Maria Gomes Leite Oliveira, Victoria Cenci Dietrich, Pedro Henrique Melo Lima, João Pedro Camargo Freire, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Fabrício Freire de Melo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz, Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Co-corresponding authors: Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz and Fabrício Freire de Melo.
Author contributions: Costa JMC, Queiroz DMM, and de Melo FF conceptualized and designed the manuscript. Costa JMC, Aguiar CEO, Oliveira MMGL, Dietrich VC, Lima PHM, Freire JPC, and Lemos FFB contributed to the investigation and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. Costa JMC, Dietrich VC, and Lima PHM developed the tables and figures. Costa JMC, de Melo FF, and Queiroz DMM performed the critical editing and revision of the manuscript. Queiroz DMM and de Melo FF supervised the preparation of the manuscript and the entire writing process. Both authors have made essential and complementary contributions that justify their designation as co-corresponding authors. Specifically, de Melo FF supervised the development of the review structure, guided the integration of molecular and clinical aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection, reviewed all figures and tables for accuracy, coordinated the final revision of the text and also oversaw the correspondence and submission process. Queiroz DMM, contributed with her extensive expertise in H. pylori pathogenesis and laboratory research, providing conceptual and scientific guidance throughout manuscript preparation. Queiroz DMM reviewed and refined the sections on virulence mechanisms, immunological responses, and disease associations, ensuring scientific accuracy and depth. Queiroz DMM supervised the interpretation of recent literature and critically revised the manuscript for intellectual content, coherence, and clarity. The collaboration between de Melo FF and Queiroz DMM was fundamental for the scientific quality and completion of this work. Both have equally shared responsibilities for the correspondence, supervision of the project, and approval of the final version of the manuscript.
Supported by the CNPq Research Productivity Fellow, No. 317005/2021-9.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Professor, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil. freiremeloufba@gmail.com
Received: June 30, 2025
Revised: July 26, 2025
Accepted: October 27, 2025
Published online: December 22, 2025
Processing time: 176 Days and 8.2 Hours
Revised: July 26, 2025
Accepted: October 27, 2025
Published online: December 22, 2025
Processing time: 176 Days and 8.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric pathogen that infects more than 40% of the world’s population. Patho