Thermal field management in thyroid ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma: Advancing precision and patient-centered care

Figure 1 Schematic illustration of thermal field management during thyroid ablation. Active thermal field management involves staged power delivery to confine thermal zones, while passive thermal field management uses hydrodissection and fascial-plane preservation to protect recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, and esophagus from thermal spread. RLN: Recurrent laryngeal nerve.