©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. Sep 28, 2016; 8(9): 764-774
Published online Sep 28, 2016. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i9.764
Published online Sep 28, 2016. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i9.764
Imaging pancreatic islet cells by positron emission tomography
Junfeng Li, Johann Karunananthan, Bradley Pelham, Fouad Kandeel, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, United States
Author contributions: All authors equally contributed to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing, and final approval of the final version.
Supported by The grant from the Larry L. Hillblom Foundation.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest for this article.
Correspondence to: Fouad Kandeel, MD, PhD, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, United States. fkandeel@coh.org
Telephone: +1-626-2180224 Fax: +1-626-4719373
Received: December 29, 2015
Peer-review started: January 14, 2016
First decision: February 29, 2016
Revised: July 25, 2016
Accepted: August 6, 2016
Article in press: August 8, 2016
Published online: September 28, 2016
Processing time: 273 Days and 5.1 Hours
Peer-review started: January 14, 2016
First decision: February 29, 2016
Revised: July 25, 2016
Accepted: August 6, 2016
Article in press: August 8, 2016
Published online: September 28, 2016
Processing time: 273 Days and 5.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Positron emission tomography (PET) is an important non-invasive functional imaging modality that is being explored for the purpose of quantifying engrafted pancreatic islet. There are still several issues that must be overcome before PET can be adopted as the gold standard for the accurate, noninvasive, and non-toxic evaluation of native β cells or pancreatic islet mass in vivo, which remains a difficultly and highly challenging goal. To complement the previous review published in 2010 by our group, this review summarizes the latest developments in PET tracers (such as carbon-11, fluorine-18, copper-64 and gallium-68) for the imaging of pancreatic islet cells.