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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. Dec 28, 2025; 17(12): 112986
Published online Dec 28, 2025. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v17.i12.112986
Published online Dec 28, 2025. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v17.i12.112986
Imaging considerations in tetralogy of Fallot: A comprehensive review
Arun Sharma, Pavithra Subramanian, Raghuraman Soundararajan, Muniraju Maralakunte, Uma Debi, Manphool Singhal, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
Abhishek Mallick, Rohit Manoj Kumar, Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
Vivek Jaswal, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
Co-first authors: Arun Sharma and Pavithra Subramanian.
Author contributions: Sharma A and Subramanian P contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-first authors. Sharma A, Subramanian P, Soundararajan R, Maralakunte M, Mallick A, Debi U, Jaswal V, and Kumar RM contributed to writing the original draft; Sharma A and Singhal M contributed to validation and revision; Singhal M contributed to conceptualization.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Manphool Singhal, MD, Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Madhya Marg, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India. drmsinghal74@gmail.com
Received: August 13, 2025
Revised: September 15, 2025
Accepted: November 4, 2025
Published online: December 28, 2025
Processing time: 136 Days and 21.2 Hours
Revised: September 15, 2025
Accepted: November 4, 2025
Published online: December 28, 2025
Processing time: 136 Days and 21.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Transthoracic echocardiography is the basic investigation in assessing pre- and post-repair tetralogy of Fallot patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is preferred in adult patients in whom all the clinical queries cannot be answered by transthoracic echocardiography, and for the assessment of cardiac functions and quantification of pulmonary regurgitation. Cardiac computed tomography, for all practical purposes, is the workhorse for pre-operative evaluation of relevant surgical anatomy. With advancements in imaging technologies and improved post-operative survival rates, it is essential to be aware of the pre-operative and post-operative appearances of tetralogy of Fallot patients.