Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. May 28, 2024; 16(5): 115-127
Published online May 28, 2024. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i5.115
Extravasated contrast volumetric assessment on computed tomography angiography in gastrointestinal bleeding: A useful predictor of positive angiographic findings
Laura Maria Cacioppa, Chiara Floridi, Alessandra Bruno, Nicolò Rossini, Tommaso Valeri, Alessandra Borgheresi, Riccardo Inchingolo, Francesco Cortese, Giacomo Novelli, Alessandro Felicioli, Mario Torresi, Pietro Boscarato, Letizia Ottaviani, Andrea Giovagnoni
Laura Maria Cacioppa, Chiara Floridi, Alessandro Felicioli, Mario Torresi, Pietro Boscarato, Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
Laura Maria Cacioppa, Chiara Floridi, Alessandra Bruno, Nicolò Rossini, Tommaso Valeri, Alessandra Borgheresi, Andrea Giovagnoni, Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy
Laura Maria Cacioppa, Chiara Floridi, Laura Maria Cacioppa and Chiara Floridi.
Chiara Floridi, Letizia Ottaviani, Andrea Giovagnoni, Division of Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Delle Marche", Ancona 60126, Italy
Riccardo Inchingolo, Francesco Cortese, Interventional Radiology Unit, "F Miulli" Regional General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti 70021, Italy
Giacomo Novelli, Department of Radiology, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona 60126, Italy
Author contributions: Floridi C and Cacioppa LM contributed equally to this work and share the first authorship, and they made a significant contribution to study design formulation, to data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation, to the actual manuscript preparation, and to the critical revision of the publication’s intellectual content of the work being published; Cacioppa LM, Floridi C, Borgheresi A, Inchingolo R, and Cortese F designed the research study; Bruno A, Rossini N, Valeri T, and Novelli G performed the research; Felicioli A, Torresi M, Boscarato P, and Ottaviani L contributed new reagents and analytic tools; Cacioppa LM, Floridi C, and Giovagnoni A analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Internal Review Board and was conducted in conformity to the ethics guidelines of the 1990 Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments. Due to the retrospective design, this study did not require the approval by the Ethics Committee of the University Politecnica delle Marche.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: All data collected during the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Riccardo Inchingolo, MD, Director, Doctor, Interventional Radiology Unit, "F Miulli" Regional General Hospital, via di Santeramo, Acquaviva delle Fonti 70021, Italy. riccardoin@hotmail.it
Received: January 30, 2024
Revised: March 19, 2024
Accepted: April 16, 2024
Published online: May 28, 2024
Processing time: 115 Days and 5 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays a pivotal role in the diagnostic-therapeutic management of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Since a large portion of GIB cases detected by CTA are occult on catheter angiography, our study aimed to evaluate whether the volumetric assessment of extravasated contrast through a semiautomated software could be identified as a predictive factor for positive angiography. The bleeding volume in the venous phase and the bleeding rate were significantly associated with positive angiographic findings. The reproducibility of the volumetric analysis was also demonstrated by a significant inter-observer agreement between two radiologists with different levels of experience.