Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. Aug 28, 2023; 15(8): 250-255
Published online Aug 28, 2023. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v15.i8.250
Rare portal hypertension caused by Abernethy malformation (Type IIC): A case report
Xin Yao, Yang Liu, Li-Dan Yu, Jian-Ping Qin
Xin Yao, Yang Liu, Li-Dan Yu, Jian-Ping Qin, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Yao X wrote the paper; Liu Y collected the data; Yu LD collected the data; Qin JP participated in and guided the operation, conceptualized the idea, and finalized the manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interests to report.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jian-Ping Qin, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, No. 270 Rongdu Road, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China. jpqqing@163.com
Received: June 16, 2023
Peer-review started: June 16, 2023
First decision: July 19, 2023
Revised: July 23, 2023
Accepted: July 31, 2023
Article in press: July 31, 2023
Published online: August 28, 2023
Processing time: 68 Days and 22.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital vascular malformation with a portosystemic shunt that may clinically manifest as cholestasis, dyspnea, or hepatic encephalopathy, among other conditions. Early diagnosis and classification are very important to further guide treatment. Typically, patients with congenital portosystemic shunts have no characteristics of portal hypertension. Herein, we report an 18-year-old female with prominent portal hypertension that manifested mainly as rupture and bleeding of esophageal varices. Imaging showed a thin main portal vein, no portal vein branches in the liver, and bleeding of the esophageal and gastric varices caused by the collateral circulation upwards from the proximal main portal vein. Patients with Abernethy malformation type I are usually treated with liver transplantation, and patients with type II are treated with shunt occlusion, surgery, or transcatheter coiling. Our patient was treated with endoscopic surgery combined with drug therapy and had no portal hypertension and good hepatic function for 24 mo of follow-up.

CASE SUMMARY

This case report describes our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of an 18-year-old female with Abernethy malformation type IIC and portal hypertension. This condition was initially diagnosed as cirrhosis combined with portal hypertension. The patient was ultimately diagnosed using liver histology and subsequent imaging, and the treatment was highly effective. To publish this case report, written informed consent was obtained from the patient, including the attached imaging data.

CONCLUSION

Abernethy malformation type IIC may develop portal hypertension, and traditional nonselective beta-blockers combined with endoscopic treatment can achieve high efficacy.

Keywords: Abernethy malformation; congenital absence of portal vein; portal hypertension

Core Tip: Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital vascular malformation with portosystemic shunts that may clinically manifest as cholestasis, dyspnea, or hepatic encephalopathy, among other conditions. Typically, patients with congenital portosystemic shunts have no characteristics of portal hypertension. We reported an 18-year-old woman with Abernethy malformation type II and portal hypertension. This condition was initially diagnosed as cirrhosis combined with portal hypertension. The patient was ultimately diagnosed by liver puncture and biopsy with subsequent imaging.