Recent advances in imaging techniques of renal masses

doi:10.4329/wjr.v14.i6.137

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World Journal of Radiology

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World J Radiol. Jun 28, 2022; 14(6): 137-150
Published online Jun 28, 2022. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v14.i6.137

Recent advances in imaging techniques of renal masses

Ankita Aggarwal, Chandan J Das, Sanjay Sharma

Ankita Aggarwal, Department of Radiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College& Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi 110029, India

Chandan J Das, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India

Sanjay Sharma, Department of Radiology (RPC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India

Author contributions: Aggarwal A contributed to manuscript writing and original drafting; Das CJ contributed to conceptualization, and manuscript writing and editing; Sharma S contributed to supervision.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.

Corresponding author: Chandan J Das, MD, Additional Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, Delhi 110029, India. dascj@yahoo.com

Received: December 21, 2021
Peer-review started: December 21, 2021
First decision: February 21, 2022
Revised: March 4, 2022
Accepted: June 16, 2022
Article in press: June 16, 2022
Published online: June 28, 2022
Processing time: 189 Days and 7.6 Hours

Abstract

Multiphasic multidetector computed tomography (CT) forms the mainstay for the characterization of renal masses whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acts as a problem-solving tool in some cases. However, a few of the renal masses remain indeterminate even after evaluation by conventional imaging methods. To overcome the deficiency in current imaging techniques, advanced imaging methods have been devised and are being tested. This review will cover the role of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, shear wave elastography, dual-energy CT, perfusion CT, MR perfusion, diffusion-weighted MRI, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI, MR spectroscopy, positron emission tomography (PET)/prostate-specific membrane antigen-PET in the characterization of renal masses.

Keywords: Advanced imaging techniques; Renal mass; Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography renal; Shear wave elastography

Core Tip: To overcome the deficiency in the existing imaging techniques for adequate characterization of renal masses, newer/advanced imaging methods have been devised and are being tested. This review will cover contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, shear wave elastography, dual-energy computed tomography (CT), perfusion CT, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR perfusion, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI, MR spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography (PET)/prostate-specific membrane antigen-PET.